源中的高锰浓度 水是水务公司面临的一个常见问题。 公用事业公司通常通过氧化去除这种锰 锰离子（Mn2+）转化为氧化锰 （二氧化锰）使用氧化剂，如二氧化氯 （ClO2）。过多的二氧化锰可能会留在水中 处理，导致管道固定装置上出现棕色污渍 还有洗衣房。许多水务公司都有经验 废水浓度低至20%的问题 ug/L，领导一些公用事业公司争取成品水 Mn2+浓度和lt10微克/升。大多数研究报告 在文献中还没有充分探讨氧化作用 低初始Mn2+浓度（60-200 ug/L）和 主要氧化剂ClO2的剂量要求， 高锰酸钾（KMnO4）和臭氧（O3）。 本研究的总体目标是评估这些因素 用于低初始Mn2+浓度氧化的氧化剂 对Mn2+和lt10微克/升进行台架试验 通过使用不同剂量的 未经处理的地表水的氧化剂和Mn2的测量+ 随着时间的推移，残余物。 这项研究发现，要去除它更加困难 当初始浓度较低时，无论 使用的氧化剂。然而，二氧化氯一直在产生 最终Mn2+浓度和lt10微克/升，一般在60-120秒内。所有 氧化剂在初始氧化时产生最终Mn2+<10 ug/L Mn2+浓度较高（1000微克/升）。结论 表明二氧化氯可能是一种可行的治疗方案 对于希望降低锰浓度的供水设施 成品水至10微克/升，包括17份参考资料、表格和图表。

A high manganese (Mn) concentration in source water is a common problem faced by water utilities. Utilities often remove this Mn by oxidation of the manganous ion (Mn2+) to manganese oxide (MnO2(s)) using an oxidant, such as chlorine dioxide (ClO2). Excess MnO2(s) may remain in the water after treatment, causing brown staining on plumbing fixtures and laundry. Many water utilities experience Mn problems from effluent concentrations as low as 20 ug/L, leading some utilities to strive for finished water Mn2+ concentrations <10 ug/L. Most studies reported in the literature have not fully explored oxidation of low initial Mn2+ concentrations (60-200 ug/L) and the dose requirements of the primary oxidants, ClO2, potassium permanganate (KMnO4), and ozone (O3). The overall objective of this study was to evaluate these oxidants for the oxidation of low initial Mn2+ concentrations to Mn2+ <10 ug/L. Bench-scale experiments were performed by applying different doses of each oxidant to a raw surface water and measuring Mn2+ residuals over time. The study found that it was more difficult to remove Mn when the initial concentration was low, regardless of the oxidant used. ClO2, however, consistently produced final Mn2+ to <10 ug/L, generally within 60-120 s. All oxidants produced final Mn2+ <10 ug/L when the initial Mn2+ concentration was high (1,000 ug/L). The conclusions indicate that ClO2 may be a viable treatment alternative for water utilities wishing to reduce Mn concentrations in finished water to <10 ug/L. Includes 17 references, table, figures.