美国各地的水系统都经历过余氯损失和某种形式的硝化作用 或形式。一些实用程序可能是自己造成这些问题的，但在其他情况下 配水系统为细菌的生长创造了完美的条件。其他系统正在仔细研究 他们的消毒策略，以确定化学剂量是否足以满足消毒标准，或者在某些情况下 如果过量投喂消毒化学品对处理和分配过程产生不利影响。 维持分配系统中的余氯而不形成DBP本身就是一种平衡行为。添加 配方中化学品的优化使其更具挑战性。本文介绍了绿带市政和工业水管理局（GMIWA）的案例研究 其中余氯的损失导致对消毒策略进行评估，从而节省化学成本。GMIWA的常规供水量为8.0 MGD 污水处理厂和一个120英里长的线性分配系统，为五个主要客户和23个小客户供水 德克萨斯州西北部5个县的系统。GMIWA运行一个游离氯系统，直到高温 消毒副产物（DBPs）的出现迫使他们评估消毒替代方案。德克萨斯 环境质量委员会（TCEQ）批准了GMIWA使用氯胺作为替代品的请求 2003年11月3日进行消毒，以减少分配系统中DBP的形成。这个三年的案子 这项研究评估了水处理厂（WTP）的消毒策略，以优化化学品和水的使用 分析配水系统中的余氯损失和硝化作用，以及异常的DBP浓度。包括表格、数字。

Water systems across the United States have experienced the loss of chlorine residual and nitrification in some shape or form. Some utilities may be self-inflicting these problems, but in other cases the physical configuration of the water distribution system creates perfect conditions for bacteria to grow. Other systems are taking a closer look at their disinfection strategy to determine if the chemical doses are enough to meet the disinfection criteria or, in some cases, if overfeeding disinfection chemicals is adversely affecting the treatment and distribution process. Sustaining a chlorine residual in the distributions system without forming DBP's is a balancing act by itself. Adding the optimization of chemicals to the formula makes it even more challenging. This paper presents a case study at the Greenbelt Municipal and Industrial Water Authority (GMIWA) where the loss of chlorine residual led to an evaluation of the disinfection strategy, resulting in chemical cost savings. GMIWA operates an 8.0 MGD conventional water treatment plant and a 120 mile linear distribution system that supplies water to five primary customers and 23 small systems across 5 counties in northwestern Texas. The GMIWA operated a free chlorine system until high occurrences of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) forced them to evaluate disinfection alternatives. The Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) approved the GMIWA's request to use chloramines as a disinfectant on November 3, 2003 to reduce formation of DBPs in the distribution system. This three-year case study evaluated the disinfection strategy at the water treatment plant (WTP) to optimize the use of chemicals and analyze the chlorine residual loss and nitrification in the distribution system and unusual DBP concentrations. Includes tables, figures.