1.1 本指南涵盖了使用旋转平台研磨机测定织物的耐磨性。 注1: 测试方法中给出了测量织物耐磨性的其他程序 D3389 , D3885 , D3886 , D4157 , D4158 , D4685 , D4966 和AATCC 93。要确定皮革的耐磨性，请参阅测试方法 D7255 . 1.2 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.2.1 例外情况- 参考转速时使用英制单位。 1.3 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.4 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 纺织品和其他材料耐磨性的测量非常复杂，可能受到许多因素的影响，包括: 5.1.1 纤维的固有机械性能；纤维的尺寸；纱线的结构；织物的构造；以及添加到纤维、纱线或织物中的整理材料的类型、种类和数量。 5.1.2 试验条件，例如磨料的性质、磨料在磨损试样面积上的可变作用、试样的张力、试样和磨料之间的压力以及试样中的尺寸变化。 5.1.3 特定试验期间磨料的变化。 注2: 因此，必须经常丢弃研磨剂，或根据标准定期检查。对于一次性磨料，磨料只能使用一次或在有限使用后丢弃。对于使用硬化金属或等效表面的永久磨料，假设磨料在特定系列试验中不会发生明显变化。由于使用的不同，不同实验室使用的类似磨料不会以相同的速率变化。 永久磨料也可能因从测试织物上拾取整理剂或其他材料而发生变化，因此必须经常清洗。 5.1.4 评估方法，可能会受到操作员判断的影响。 5.2 在实验室的试验机上测量的纺织材料的耐磨性通常只是影响材料实际使用中磨损性能或耐久性的几个因素之一。虽然“耐磨性”（通常以指定机器上的循环次数表示，使用指定技术产生指定程度或数量的磨损）和“耐久性”（定义为在使用中承受劣化或磨损的能力，包括磨损的影响）经常相关，但其关系因不同的最终用途而不同，在根据特定磨损数据计算预测耐久性时，可能需要不同的因素。 在各种材料耐磨性差异较大的情况下，实验室测试可能是可靠的，可以作为相对最终使用性能的指示，但在实验室测试结果差异较小的情况下，不应依赖实验室测试。一般来说，除非有数据表明实验室磨损试验与预期最终用途中的实际磨损之间的特定关系，否则不应依赖它们来预测特定最终用途中的实际磨损寿命。 5.3 在确定织物有用性预测之前，可以从旋转平台研磨机上进行的磨损试验中得出( 图1 )，应进行实际的最终使用试验，并与磨损试验相关。不同类型的穿着（例如，在男装袖口、胯部等处穿着）。 )可能对应于旋转平台研磨机测试的不同额定值。 图1 旋转平台研磨机 注1: 真空抽吸系统未显示。 5.3.1 在比较不同织物（即不同纤维、重量等）时，旋转平台研磨机测试并不总是揭示实际使用织物时已知存在的差异。因此，应结合磨损试验进行最终使用试验，至少作为这些织物未来测试的指南。 5.3.2 然而，可以使用旋转平台研磨机测试仪满意地检测织物内或同风格织物批次内发生的不受控制的制造或整理变化。 5.4 这些一般观察结果适用于所有类型的织物，包括机织物、非织造布和针织服装织物、家用织物、工业织物和地板覆盖物。

1.1 This guide covers the determination of the abrasion resistance of textile fabrics using the rotary platform abrader. Note 1: Other procedures for measuring the abrasion resistance of textile fabrics are given in Test Methods D3389 , D3885 , D3886 , D4157 , D4158 , D4685 , D4966 , and AATCC 93. To determine the abrasion resistance of leather, refer to Test Method D7255 . 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.2.1 Exception— English units are used when referencing rotational speed. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 The measurement of the resistance to abrasion of textile and other materials is very complex and may be affected by a number of factors, including: 5.1.1 The inherent mechanical properties of the fibers; the dimensions of the fibers; the structure of the yarns; the construction of the fabrics; and the type, kind, and amount of finishing material added to the fibers, yarns, or fabric. 5.1.2 The conditions of the tests, such as the nature of abradant, variable action of the abradant over the area of specimen abraded, the tension of the specimen, the pressure between the specimen and abradant, and the dimensional changes in the specimens. 5.1.3 Changes in the abradant during specific tests. Note 2: The abradant must accordingly be discarded at frequent intervals or checked periodically against a standard. With disposable abradants, the abradant is used only once or discarded after limited use. With permanent abradants that use hardened metal or equivalent surfaces, it is assumed that the abradant will not change appreciably in a specific series of tests. Similar abradants used in different laboratories will not change at the same rate, due to differences in usage. Permanent abradants may also change due to pick up of finishing or other material from test fabrics and must accordingly be cleaned at frequent intervals. 5.1.4 The method of evaluation, which may be influenced by the judgment of the operator. 5.2 The resistance of textile materials to abrasion as measured on a testing machine in the laboratory is generally only one of several factors contributing to wear performance or durability as experienced in the actual use of the material. While “abrasion resistance” (often stated in terms of the number of cycles on a specified machine, using a specified technique to produce a specified degree or amount of abrasion) and “durability” (defined as the ability to withstand deterioration or wearing out in use, including the effects of abrasion) are frequently related, the relationship varies with different end uses, and different factors may be necessary in any calculation of predicted durability from specific abrasion data. Laboratory tests may be reliable as an indication of relative end-use performance in cases where the difference in abrasion resistance of various materials is large, but they should not be relied upon where differences in laboratory test findings are small. In general, they should not be relied upon for prediction of actual wear-life in specific end uses unless there are data showing the specific relationship between laboratory abrasion tests and actual wear in the intended end-use. 5.3 Before definite predictions of fabric usefulness can be drawn from an abrasion test as made on the rotary platform abrader ( Fig. 1 ), actual end-use trials should be conducted and related to the abrasion test. Different types of wear (for example, wear on men's clothing at cuffs, crotch, etc.) may correspond to different ratings of the rotary platform abrader test. FIG. 1 Rotary Platform Abrader Note 1: Vacuum suction system not shown. 5.3.1 In making a comparison of different fabrics (that is, of different fibers, weights, etc.) the rotary platform abrader test will not always reveal a difference known to exist when the fabrics are actually used. Therefore, end-use trials should be conducted in conjunction with the abrasion test, at least as a guide for future testing of these fabrics. 5.3.2 Uncontrolled manufacturing or finishing variations occurring within a fabric or within lots of the same style of fabric can, however, be detected satisfactorily with the rotary platform abrader tester. 5.4 These general observations apply to all types of fabrics, including woven, nonwoven, and knit apparel fabrics, household fabrics, industrial fabrics, and floor coverings.