1.1 本试验方法规定对1600至2400 m的大体积大气进行采样 3. （55000至85000英尺 3. )，通过1.13至1.70 m的高流量真空泵 3. /最小值（40至60英尺 3. /最小） ( 1- 4. ) . 2. 1.2 该流速允许收集直径小于100μm（斯托克斯当量直径）的悬浮颗粒。然而，粒径大于20μm的颗粒的收集效率随着粒径的增大而降低，并且随着相对于采样器遮蔽物屋脊的风的角度和速度的增加而变化很大 ( 5. ) . 当使用玻璃纤维过滤器时，通常会收集直径在100至0.1μm或以下的颗粒。 1.3 质量负载的上限将通过用样品材料堵塞过滤介质来确定，这会导致流速显著降低（参见 6.4 ). 对于多尘环境，需要缩短采样周期。通过该方法检测到的颗粒物的最小量为3 mg（95 % 置信水平）。当取样器以1的平均流速运行时。 70米 3. /最小（60英尺 3. /在24小时内，这相当于1至2μg/m 3. ( 3. ) . 1.4 收集的样品可通过各种方法对特定成分进行进一步分析。 1.5 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。括号中给出的值是英寸-磅单位的数学转换，仅供参考，不被视为标准值。 1.6 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。 本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.7 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 高体积取样器通常用于收集大气中的空气颗粒成分。收集的颗粒物的一些物理和化学参数取决于收集系统的物理特性和过滤介质的选择。Hi-Vol取样器有多种可用选项，使其具有广泛的多功能性，并允许用户开发有关空气中颗粒物质的大小和数量的信息，以及使用后续的化学分析技术，有关颗粒物质化学性质的信息。 5.2 本试验方法介绍了均匀应用时可提供适合站点间比较的测量值的技术。 5.3 该测试方法以良好的精度测量提供给采样器的大气，但大气中的实际粉尘水平可能因位置而异。这意味着取样器位置可能至关重要，并且可能比测量方法中任何精度的缺乏带来更大的结果可变性。特别是，局部尘源可能对紧邻此类尘源的非常有限的区域产生重大影响。 示例包括未铺砌的街道、有表面灰尘膜的道路上的车辆交通、建筑物拆除和施工活动，或附近有灰尘排放的工业工厂。在某些情况下，在此类污染源附近测量的粉尘水平可能是社区范围内粉尘水平的几倍，不包括此类局部影响（见实践） D1357 ).

1.1 This test method provides for sampling a large volume of atmosphere, 1600 to 2400 m 3 (55 000 to 85 000 ft 3 ), by means of a high flow-rate vacuum pump at a rate of 1.13 to 1.70 m 3 /min (40 to 60 ft 3 /min) ( 1- 4 ) . 2 1.2 This flow rate allows suspended particles having diameters of less than 100 μm (stokes equivalent diameter) to be collected. However, the collection efficiencies for particles larger than 20 μm decreases with increasing particle size and it varies widely with the angle of the wind with respect to the roof ridge of the sampler shelter and with increasing speed ( 5 ) . When glass fiber filters are used, particles within the size range of 100 to 0.1 μm diameters or less are ordinarily collected. 1.3 The upper limit of mass loading will be determined by plugging of the filter medium with sample material, which causes a significant decrease in flow rate (see 6.4 ). For very dusty atmospheres, shorter sampling periods will be necessary. The minimum amount of particulate matter detectable by this method is 3 mg (95 % confidence level). When the sampler is operated at an average flow rate of 1.70 m 3 /min (60 ft 3 /min) for 24 h, this is equivalent to 1 to 2 μg/m 3 ( 3 ) . 1.4 The sample that is collected may be subjected to further analyses by a variety of methods for specific constituents. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 The Hi-Vol sampler is commonly used for the collection of the airborne particulate component of the atmosphere. Some physical and chemical parameters of the collected particulate matter are dependent upon the physical characteristics of the collection system and the choice of filter media. A variety of options available for the Hi-Vol sampler give it broad versatility and allow the user to develop information about the size and quantity of airborne particulate material and, using subsequent chemical analytical techniques, information about the chemical properties of the particulate matter. 5.2 This test method presents techniques that when uniformly applied, provide measurements suitable for intersite comparisons. 5.3 This test method measures the atmosphere presented to the sampler with good precision, but the actual dust levels in the atmosphere can vary widely from one location to another. This means that sampler location may be of paramount importance, and may impose far greater variability of results than any lack of precision in the method of measurement. In particular, localized dust sources may exert a major influence over a very limited area immediately adjacent to such sources. Examples include unpaved streets, vehicle traffic on roadways with a surface film of dust, building demolition and construction activity, or nearby industrial plants with dust emissions. In some cases, dust levels measured close to such sources may be several times the community wide levels exclusive of such localized effects (see Practice D1357 ).