本文回顾了有关残余应力产生机制的已发表文献，并对焊接部件中残余应力分布和大小的测量方法进行了最新总结。这些演示之后是从实验中获得的结果，这些实验旨在提供必要的决定性信息，以比较应用于焊接件的三种最常见技术的结果。 在这些调查中，确定了Inconel 600、Inconel X-750和Rene’41的焊态和应力消除圆盘的残余应力分布。确定残余应力分布的主要方法是Sachs钻孔法- 我们的技术。然而，对于Inconel 600，残余应力的大小和分布由两种附加技术确定:（1）钻孔法和（2）封堵法。 对Inconel 600的实验结果进行分析，以评估这三种技术。从结果可以看出，Sachs方法预测的最大残余应力值远远大于调整后的室温下基材0.2%的偏移屈服强度，钻孔和封堵方法产生的数据表明焊接盘中最大残余应力的大小约等于调整后的0.2%抵消拉伸屈服强度。调整后的屈服强度是针对双轴弹性约束和焊缝凝固子结构校正的单轴屈服强度值。

A review of the published literature on the mechanisms responsible for the generation of residual stress is presented, along with an up-to-date state-of-the-art summary of the methods utilized for the measurement of the distribution and magnitude of residual stresses in welded components. These presentations are followed by the results obtained from experiments designed to provide the definitive information necessary to compare the results of the three most common techniques applied to weldments. In these investigations residual stress distributions were determined for as-welded and stress relieved disks of Inconel 600, Inconel X-750, and Rene' 41. The primary method used to determine the residual stress distributions was the Sachs boring-out technique. However, for Inconel 600 the magnitude and distribution of the residual stresses were determined by two additional techniques: (1) the hole-drilling method and (2) the plugging-out method. An analysis of the experimental results obtained for Inconel 600 was used to evaluate the three techniques. From the results it was shown that the Sachs method predicts values of the maximum residual stress which are considerably greater than the adjusted room temperature 0.2% offset yield strength of the base material and that the hole-drilling and plugging-out methods yield data indicating the magnitude of the maximum residual stress in the welded disk is approximately equal to the adjusted 0.2% offset tensile yield strength. The adjusted yield strength is the value of the uniaxial yield strength corrected for biaxial elastic restraints and the weld solidification substructure.