本SAE航空航天推荐规程（ARP）中定义的环境和测试波形说明了目前可用的最佳雷电数据和分析。本文中的量化环境和水平代表认证机构当前要求的最低水平，与相关闪电文件中采用的方法一致。闪电和其他天气现象一样，本质上是概率的。每次闪光的电平和波形都有很大的不同。 在本文件中，已导出标准化电压和电流波形，以表示飞机外部的雷电环境。这些标准化波形用于评估闪电对飞机的影响。标准化的外部电流波形反过来被用于导出标准化的瞬态电压和电流测试波形，这些波形预计会出现在飞机内的电缆束和设备接口上。在推导后一种内部感应测试波形时，考虑了可测试性和可证明雷电设计有效性的重要波形特征等因素。 标准化波形的参数，包括外部和衍生的内部感应瞬变，代表自然闪电的每个特征的严重版本，包括与飞机防雷有关的所有相关参数。因此，在本文件中，这些标准化波形被称为理想化标准雷电环境波形、理想化标准波形或理想化波形。与外部环境相关的波形被称为理想化的标准外部雷电环境。 与内部感应环境相关的波形称为理想化标准感应瞬态波形。在任何情况下，在自然闪电中都记录了理想化标准外部闪电环境波形的每个特征的更严重版本。理想化的标准外部闪电环境波形的更严重的个体特征从未在一次闪电中记录在一起。 因此，本文件中提供的理想标准雷电环境波形中的参数组合代表了非常恶劣的环境。本ARP中提供的波形被认为足以证明飞机及其系统在雷电环境下的防护符合性，应根据飞机雷击区（见ARP5414）和测试方法（见ARP5416）以及适用的FAA和EASA咨询和解释材料进行应用。 本ARP是涵盖飞机与闪电相互作用全谱的三份文件之一。本ARP的目的是提供飞机遇到的闪电特性，以及与电气/电子系统相关的设备接口处出现的瞬态。这些特征被称为飞机闪电环境。另外两份文件提供了有关飞机闪电分区（见ARP5414）和飞机闪电测试（见ARP5416）的信息。 环境、分区和测试之间的关系，以及相关的文档编号。

The environment and test waveforms defined in this SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) account for the best lightning data and analysis currently available. The quantified environment and levels herein represent the minimum currently required by certifying authorities, consistent with the approach applied in related lightning documents. Lightning, like other weather phenomenon, is probabilistic in nature. Levels and waveforms vary considerably from one flash to the next. Within this document, standardized voltage and current waveforms have been derived to represent the lightning environment external to an aircraft. These standardized waveforms are used to assess the effects of lightning on aircraft. The standardized external current waveforms have in turn been used to derive standardized transient voltage and current test waveforms that can be expected to appear on cable bundles and at equipment interfaces within an aircraft. When deriving these latter internal induced test waveforms, considerations such as testability and important waveform characteristics that can demonstrate lightning design effectiveness, have been taken into account. The parameters of the standardized waveforms, both external and derived internal induced transients, represent severe versions of each of the characteristics of natural lightning flashes and include all parameters of interest with respect to lightning protection for aircraft. These standardized waveforms are thus referred to as idealized standard lightning environment waveforms, idealized standard waveforms, or just idealized waveforms within this document. The waveforms associated with the external environment are termed, the idealized standard external lightning environment. The waveforms associated with the internal induced environment are termed the idealized standard induced transient waveforms.In every case more severe versions of each of the individual characteristics of the idealized standard external lightning environment waveforms have been recorded in natural lightning flashes. The more severe individual characteristics of the idealized standard external lightning environment waveforms have never been recorded together within a single lightning flash. Therefore the parameters combined in the idealized standard lightning environment waveforms provided in this document represent a very severe environment.The waveforms provided in this ARP are considered to be adequate for the demonstration of compliance for the protection of an aircraft and its systems against the lightning environment and should be applied in accordance with the aircraft lightning strike zones (see ARP5414) and test methods (see ARP5416), and applicable FAA and EASA advisory and interpretive material.This ARP is one of the set of three documents covering the whole spectrum of aircraft interaction with lightning. The purpose of this ARP is to provide the characteristics of lightning that are encountered by aircraft as well as transients appearing at the interfaces of equipment associated with electrical/electronic systems as a result of that interaction. These characteristics are referred to as the aircraft lightning environment. The two other documents provide information on aircraft lightning zoning (see ARP5414) and aircraft lightning testing (see ARP5416). The relationship between the environment, zoning, and testing, along with the associated document number.