1.1 本文件是专门为核反应堆堆芯应用中的结构部件制造的纤维增强碳-碳（C-C）复合材料结构（平板、矩形棒、圆棒和管）材料规范的编制指南。碳-碳复合材料由碳/石墨纤维（来自PAN、沥青或人造丝前体）在通过液体渗透/热解和/或化学气相渗透生产的碳/石墨基体中组成。 1.2 本指南为核反应堆应用的特定C-C复合材料部件或产品的材料规范的制定提供了指导和指导。该指南考虑了复合材料的成分和结构、物理和化学性能、机械性能、热性能、性能耐久性、测试方法、材料和制造工艺以及质量保证。 此处考虑的C-C复合材料适用于中子辐照引起的损伤和尺寸变化是重要设计考虑因素的核反应堆堆芯应用。 ( 1. 4. ) 2. 1.3 部件规范由设计者/购买者/用户制定。设计师/采购商/用户应详细定义和规定陶瓷复合材料部件的必要设计、制造和性能因素的任何和所有特定应用要求。本材料规范指南并不直接涉及组件/产品的具体问题，如几何公差、渗透性、粘合、密封、连接和系统集成。 1.4 本指南特别关注具有平板、实心矩形杆、实心圆杆或管状几何形状的C-C复合材料构件和结构。 1.5 本规范也可适用于用于其他结构应用的C-C复合材料，不考虑核特定化学纯度和辐照行为因素。 1.6 单位-- 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.7 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.8 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 复合材料由基体相中的增强相的定义组成。此外，碳-碳复合材料通常含有可测量的孔隙率，这些孔隙率与增强材料和基体相互作用。C-C复合材料的成分和结构通常针对特定应用进行定制，并有详细的性能要求。 剪裁涉及增强纤维（成分、性能、形态等）、基体（成分、特性和形态）、复合材料结构（组分、增强结构、孔隙结构、微观结构等）和制造条件（成型、组装、成型、致密化、精加工等）的选择。最终的工程性质（物理、机械、热学、电学等）可以在性质具有主要方向各向异性的大范围内进行定制。 4.2 制定了涵盖材料、材料加工和制造程序的特定C-C复合材料组件的规范，为制造可复制和可靠的结构提供了基础。 设计者/用户/生产者必须为具有明确组成、结构、性能和加工要求的特定应用程序编写C-C复合规范。但是，由于C-C复合材料在成分、结构和性能方面有着广泛的选择，几乎不可能编写一个适用于任何和所有C-C复合应用的“通用”复合材料规范，该规范具有与金属合金常用规范相同的结构类型和细节。本指南旨在帮助设计者/用户/生产商为特定CMC应用/部件制定全面详细的材料规范，特别关注核应用。 4.3 本指南旨在为核反应堆应用C-C复合材料的成分、结构、所需工程性能（物理、化学、机械、耐久性等）、测试方法、制造工艺要求、质量保证要求和可追溯性提供指导。由此产生的规范可用于核反应堆结构用C-C复合材料的设计、生产、评估和鉴定。 4.4 该指南适用于具有平板、矩形棒、圆棒和圆管几何形状的C-C复合材料。 4.5 本指南也可能适用于C规范的制定- 用于其他结构应用的C复合材料，不考虑核特定的化学纯度和辐照行为要求。

1.1 This document is a guide to preparing material specifications for fiber reinforced carbon-carbon (C-C) composite structures (flat plates, rectangular bars, round rods, and tubes) manufactured specifically for structural components in nuclear reactor core applications. The carbon-carbon composites consist of carbon/graphite fibers (from PAN, pitch, or rayon precursors) in a carbon/graphite matrix produced by liquid infiltration/pyrolysis and/or by chemical vapor infiltration. 1.2 This guide provides direction and guidance for the development of a material specification for a specific C-C composite component or product for nuclear reactor applications. The guide considers composite constituents and structure, physical and chemical properties, mechanical properties, thermal properties, performance durability, methods of testing, materials and fabrication processing, and quality assurance. The C-C composite materials considered here would be suitable for nuclear reactor core applications where neutron irradiation-induced damage and dimensional changes are a significant design consideration. ( 1- 4 ) 2 1.3 The component specification is to be developed by the designer/purchaser/user. The designer/purchaser/user shall define and specify in detail any and all application-specific requirements for necessary design, manufacturing, and performance factors of the ceramic composite component. This guide for material specifications does not directly address component/product-specific issues, such as geometric tolerances, permeability, bonding, sealing, attachment, and system integration. 1.4 This guide is specifically focused on C-C composite components and structures with flat panel, solid rectangular bar, solid round rod, or tubular geometries. 1.5 This specification may also be applicable to C-C composites used for other structural applications discounting the nuclear-specific chemical purity and irradiation behavior factors. 1.6 Units— The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 Composite materials consist by definition of a reinforcement phase in a matrix phase. In addition, carbon-carbon composites often contain measurable porosity which interacts with the reinforcement and matrix. The composition and structure of the C-C composite are commonly tailored for a specific application with detailed performance requirements. The tailoring involves the selection of the reinforcement fibers (composition, properties, morphology, etc), the matrix (composition, properties, and morphology), the composite structure (component fractions, reinforcement architecture, porosity structure, microstructure, etc.), and the fabrication conditions (forming, assembly, forming, densification, finishing, etc.). The final engineering properties (physical, mechanical, thermal, electrical, etc.) can be tailored across a broad range with major directional anisotropy in the properties. 4.2 Specifications for specific C-C composite components covering materials, material processing, and fabrication procedures are developed to provide a basis for fabricating reproducible and reliable structures. Designer/users/producers have to write C-C composite specifications for specific applications with well-defined composition, structure, properties and processing requirements. But with the extensive breadth of selection in composition, structure, and properties in C-C composites, it is virtually impossible to write a "generic" composite specification applicable to any and all C-C composite applications that has the same type of structure and details of the commonly-used specifications for metal alloys. This guide is written to assist the designer/user/producer in developing a comprehensive and detailed material specification for a specific CMC application/component with a particular focus on nuclear applications. 4.3 The purpose of this guide is to provide guidance on how to specify the constituents, the structure, the desired engineering properties (physical, chemical, mechanical, durability, etc), methods of testing, manufacturing process requirements, the quality assurance requirements, and traceability for C-C composites for nuclear reactor applications. The resulting specification may be used for the design, production, evaluation, and qualification of C-C composites for structures in nuclear reactors. 4.4 The guide is applicable to C-C composites with flat plate, rectangular bar, round rod, and round tube geometries. 4.5 This guide may also be applicable to the development of specifications for C-C composites used for other structural applications, discounting the nuclear-specific chemical purity and irradiation behavior requirements.