1.1 本指南涵盖了浸渍有熔盐的石墨在高温下强度测量的最佳实践。 1.2 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.3 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.4 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 熔盐反应堆是一种使用石墨作为反射层和结构材料，熔盐作为冷却剂的核反应堆。 在反应堆寿命期间，石墨组分将浸入熔盐中。石墨的多孔结构可能导致熔盐渗透，从而影响石墨的热性能和机械性能。因此，在一系列测试配置中，在浸渍熔融盐后和暴露于反应堆环境之前，可能有必要测量制造的石墨材料的各种强度，以便设计者或操作员评估其性能。 注1: 根据为反应器选择的盐，盐和石墨之间可能会发生一些化学反应，从而影响性能。在遵循本指南之前，用户应确定已了解熔盐和石墨之间的任何相互作用，并已评估对强度试验有效性的任何影响。 5.2 对于气冷反应堆，石墨试样的强度通常在室温下测量。 然而，对于熔盐反应器，反应器的工作温度必须高于盐的熔化温度，因此盐在室温下将处于固态。因此，室温测量可能无法代表材料在其真实工作条件下的性能。因此，有必要在盐呈液态的高温下测量强度。 注2: 用户应注意，随着温度的升高，石墨强度预计会略有增加。在电厂工作温度下进行测试将消除这一小的不确定性。 5.3 本指南旨在提供在高温下测试浸渍有熔盐的石墨试样时应考虑的事项。 5.4 为了使试验结果有意义，试验材料必须在相关反应器工作温度下浸渍，并在符合本指南的相同温度下进行强度测量。 用户必须根据浸渍和测试之间的加热和冷却阶段，考虑石墨和浸渍盐之间的相互作用对强度测试代表性的影响。 注3: 在测试浸渍材料之前，用户可能希望在室温和选定的高温下测量未浸渍石墨上相同测试几何形状的强度，作为基准。 注4: 用户可能希望证明浸渍试样在提高强度试验过程中不会损失熔盐。这应通过在不施加任何测试负荷的情况下，将浸渍试样放入准确的程序（温度和持续时间），并在程序前后称量试样来实现。质量减少表示熔盐损失，用户需要评估其重要性。

1.1 This guide covers the best practice for strength measurements at elevated temperature of graphite impregnated with molten salt. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 The Molten Salt Reactor is a nuclear reactor which uses graphite as reflector and structural material, and molten salt as coolant. The graphite components will be submerged in the molten salt during the lifetime of the reactor. The porous structure of graphite may lead to molten salt permeation, which can affect the thermal and mechanical properties of graphite. Consequently, it may be necessary to measure the various strengths of the manufactured graphite materials after impregnation with molten salt and before exposure to the reactor environment in a range of test configurations in order for designers or operators to assess their performance. Note 1: Depending upon the salt selected for the reactor, there may be some chemical reaction between the salt and the graphite that could affect properties. The user should establish, prior to following this guide, that any interactions between the molten salt and graphite are understood and any implications for the validity of the strength tests have been assessed. 5.2 For gas-cooled reactors, the strength of a graphite specimen is usually measured at room temperature. However, for molten salt reactors, the operating temperature of the reactor must be higher than the melting temperature of the salt, and so the salt will be in solid state at room temperature. Consequently, room temperature measurements may not be representative of the performance of the material at its true operating conditions. It is therefore necessary to measure the strength at an elevated temperature where the salt is in liquid form. Note 2: Users should be aware that a small increase in graphite strength is expected with increasing temperature. Testing at the plant operating temperature will eliminate this small uncertainty. 5.3 The purpose of this guide is to provide considerations, which should be included in testing graphite specimens impregnated with molten salt at elevated temperature. 5.4 For the test results to be meaningful, the test material must have been impregnated at the reactor operating temperature of interest and the strength measurement conducted at the same temperature following this guide. The user must consider the effect of interaction between graphite and impregnated salt on the representativeness of the strength test based upon the heating and cooling stages between impregnation and testing. Note 3: The user may wish to measure the strength of the same test geometry on unimpregnated graphite both at room temperature and at the chosen elevated temperature as a benchmark prior to the testing of the impregnated material. Note 4: The user may wish to demonstrate that the impregnated test specimen does not lose molten salt during the elevated strength test procedure. This should be performed by putting the impregnated specimen through the exact procedure (temperature and duration) without applying any test load, weighing the specimen before and after the procedure. A reduction in mass will indicate loss of molten salt and the user will then need to assess its significance.