1.1 评估职业环境中的气载气溶胶危害需要在收集介质上采样，然后分析收集的材料。结果通常是空气中可能有害物质的估计浓度。此类估计的不确定性取决于几个因素，其中一个因素与所采用的特定分析类型有关。分析气溶胶最常用的方法是称量取样材料。重量分析虽然表面上很简单，但由于取样介质和其他必须称重的元素的质量不稳定而产生误差。设计用于收集颗粒物的气溶胶采样器提供了一个示例，以符合可吸入气溶胶采样公约（见ISO 7708，指南） D6062 和EN 481）。对于某些取样器类型，将过滤器和暗盒一起称重以进行估计。因此，例如，如果盒式磁带在浓度估计所需的称重之间吸收或失水，则可能会出现误差。本实践涵盖了此类潜在错误，并提供了将其最小化的解决方案。 1.2 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.3 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.4 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 对收集的气溶胶进行称重是职业和环境大气监测（例如，试验方法）中最常见且据称最简单的分析程序之一 D4532 或 D4096 ). 当收集的材料量较小时，由于天平不准确以及随样品一起称重的取样介质部分的重量变化，会出现测量精度问题。 本文介绍的控制和记录此类分析错误的程序将有助于提供在识别、表征和控制危险条件方面做出有根据决策所需的准确性。 4.2 建议使用的材料。提供了控制或纠正由不稳定引起的误差的方法。给出了有关称重程序的建议。最后，描述了估算称重误差的方法评估程序。 4.3 还提供了有关LOD权重报告的建议（参见 3.2.6 )和定量限（参见 3.2.7 ). 作为方法评估的结果，计算了LOD和LOQ量。

1.1 Assessment of airborne aerosol hazards in the occupational setting entails sampling onto a collection medium followed by analysis of the collected material. The result is generally an estimated concentration of a possibly hazardous material in the air. The uncertainty in such estimates depends on several factors, one of which relates to the specific type of analysis employed. The most commonly applied method for analysis of aerosols is the weighing of the sampled material. Gravimetric analysis, though apparently simple, is subject to errors from instability in the mass of the sampling medium and other elements that must be weighed. An example is provided by aerosol samplers designed to collect particles so as to agree with the inhalable aerosol sampling convention (see ISO 7708, Guide D6062 , and EN 481). For some sampler types, filter and cassette are weighed together to make estimates. Therefore, if the cassette, for example, absorbs or loses water between the weighings required for a concentration estimation, then errors may arise. This practice covers such potential errors and provides solutions for their minimization. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 The weighing of collected aerosol is one of the most common and purportedly simple analytical procedures in both occupational and environmental atmospheric monitoring (for example, Test Method D4532 or D4096 ). Problems with measurement accuracy occur when the amount of material collected is small, owing both to balance inaccuracy and variation in the weight of that part of the sampling medium that is weighed along with the sample. The procedures presented here for controlling and documenting such analytical errors will help provide the accuracy required for making well-founded decisions in identifying, characterizing, and controlling hazardous conditions. 4.2 Recommendations are given as to materials to be used. Means of controlling or correcting errors arising from instability are provided. Recommendations as to the weighing procedure are given. Finally, a method evaluation procedure for estimating weighing errors is described. 4.3 Recommendations are also provided for the reporting of weights relative to LOD (see 3.2.6 ) and LOQ (see 3.2.7 ). The quantities, LOD and LOQ, are computed as a result of the method evaluation.