1.1 本指南涵盖了通过气相色谱/质谱（GC-MS）（电子冲击）对存在于水中或从水中提取的有机化合物进行识别和定量，这些有机化合物能够在不改变的情况下通过气相色谱仪。本指南可用于提供挥发性和半挥发性有机物的初步鉴定，但仅限于( 一 )可获得参考光谱的化合物，以及( b )可通过气相色谱（GC）分离的化合物。这些限制是对指南施加的，但不是技术的限制。 本指南是为使用自动数据采集和处理进行分析而编写的。 1.2 已包括使用ASTM试验方法进行定量的指南 D3871 , D3973 ，以及用于环境分析的其他GC-MS挥发性/半挥发性程序 2. . 每个实验室必须确定每个成分的实际检测限。实际检测量将随基质的复杂性、GC-MS系统的种类和条件、所选的样品制备技术以及净化技术在样品提取物中的应用（如有）而变化。 使用现代灵敏仪器或选择离子监测（SIM）可以实现较低的检测水平。要确定实验室间检测估计（IDE）和实验室间定量估计（IQE），请遵循实践 D6091 和 D6512 . 1.3 本指南适用于天然水和处理水的许多有机成分的鉴定。它包括所有样品引入模式，包括有机提取物注入、直接水注入以及吹扫和捕集技术。 1. 4. 本指南适用于毛细管柱气相色谱法。 1.5 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.6 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.7 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 由于水中常见有机化合物，其中一些是有毒的，因此经常需要识别存在的特定化合物并确定其浓度。

1.1 This guide covers the identification and quantitation of organic compounds by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (electron impact) that are present or extracted from water and are capable of passing through a gas chromatograph without alteration. This guide can be used to provide tentative identifications of volatile and semi-volatile organics, but is restricted to ( a ) compounds for which reference spectra can be obtained and ( b ) compounds that can be separated by gas chromatography (GC). These restrictions are imposed on the guide, but are not a limitation of the technique. The guide is written for analysis using automated data acquisition and handling. 1.2 Guidelines have been included for quantitation using ASTM Test Methods D3871 , D3973 , and other GC-MS volatile/semivolatile procedures used for environmental analysis 2 . The actual detection limits for each component must be determined in each laboratory. Actual detection amounts will vary with the complexity of the matrix, the kind and condition of the GC-MS system, the sample preparation technique chosen, and the application of cleanup techniques to the sample extract, if any. Lower levels of detection can be achieved using modern sensitive instruments or with selected ion monitoring (SIM). To determine the interlaboratory detection estimate (IDE) and the interlaboratory quantitation estimate (IQE), follow Practices D6091 and D6512 . 1.3 The guide is applicable to the identification of many organic constituents of natural and treated waters. It includes all modes of sample introduction, including injection of organic extracts, direct aqueous injection, and purge and trap techniques. 1.4 The guide is applicable to capillary column gas chromatography. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 With the common occurrence in water of organic compounds, some of which are toxic, it is often necessary to identify the specific compounds present and to determine the concentration.