建筑能源系统消耗的电能通常比设计意图多出20%以上，这主要是因为设备性能下降（例如，过滤器或热交换器结垢）、设备故障或子系统之间的有害相互作用，如冷却，然后重新加热空调空气。确定效率损失的根本原因具有挑战性，因为性能的逐渐侵蚀可能很难检测出来。此外，诊断算法的性能受到可用故障接地真相数据的限制。需要一个分析框架和基于模型的模拟能力来开发故障地面真相数据，该数据可用于部署建筑能源系统的稳健诊断，包括建筑围护结构、照明、供暖、通风和空调（HVAC）设备和系统等。此类故障模拟器还可用于风险管理的故障影响分析。 为此，正在开发基于EnergyPlus/OpenStudio的故障模拟器。EnergyPlus是美国能源部的一个全建筑模拟免费程序。本文的重点是使用OpenStudio措施实现的故障。这些度量是在OpenStudio应用程序或参数分析工具中创建的，它们是用Ruby脚本编写的。这些与故障相关的度量像附加宏一样，对现有的能量模型进行更改以反映故障。该故障模拟器旨在模拟建筑子组件和子系统的各种故障，包括建筑围护结构隔热、占用计划、空气处理器省煤器、加热和冷却盘管、风扇等。本文将介绍使用OpenStudio措施开发此类故障模拟器，以及在能耗方面测试故障影响的结果。引用:2016年冬季会议，佛罗里达州奥兰多，会议论文

Building energy systems often consume in excess of 20% more electrical energy than was the design intent largely because of equipment performance degradation (e.g., filter or heat exchanger fouling), equipment failures, or detrimental interactions among subsystems such as cooling and then reheating of conditioned air. Identifying the root causes of efficiency losses is challenging because a gradual erosion of performance can be difficult to detect. Furthermore, diagnostic algorithm performance is limited by available fault ground truth data. An analytical framework and model-based simulation capability is desired to develop fault ground truth data that can be used to deploy robust diagnostics for building energy systems including building envelope, lighting, Heating, Ventilation and Air-conditioning (HVAC) equipment and systems, etc. Such fault simulators can also be used for fault impact analysis for risk management. An EnergyPlus/OpenStudio-based fault simulator is being developed for such purposes. EnergyPlus is a whole building simulation free program from DOE. This paper is focusing on the faults that are implemented using OpenStudio measures. These measures are created in OpenStudio Application or the Parametric Analysis Tool, which are written in Ruby scripts. These faults related measures act like add-on macro to make changes to the existing energy model to reflect faults. This fault simulator aims to simulate a variety of faults from building subcomponents and subsystems including building envelope insulation, occupancy schedule, air handler economizers, heating and cooling coils, fans, etc. The development of such a fault simulator using OpenStudio measures and testing results of fault impacts in terms of energy consumptions will be presented in this paper.