流域中存在的隐孢子虫对健康构成了严重问题，对供水设施构成了挑战。隐孢子虫病是由这种寄生虫引起的疾病，在世界范围内发生了几次水传播暴发，1993年在威斯康星州密尔沃基发生的一次暴发估计涉及40.3万人。与隐孢子虫相关的卵囊对氯化消毒具有极强的抵抗力。如果水务公司希望获得或维持美国环境保护局（US Environmental Protection Agency）授予的避免过滤决定，它们必须证明其流域受到了充分的隐孢子虫保护。寄生虫的一个主要来源已被追踪到牛肉和奶牛场，在那里，受感染动物的粪便在农田中传播，最终排入地表水供应。 在这篇文章中，作者回顾了与管理粪便以实现卵囊失活的方法有关的各种分散的文献。本文特别探讨了泥浆储存、厌氧消化和堆肥以及影响卵囊存活的两个主要因素，即温度和氨水平。本期的扩展摘要对文献进行了简要回顾；有关这些文献的完整讨论，请访问www.awwa。org/communications/e-journal/index-pass-issues/2004/2月。包括3个参考文献。

The presence of the parasite Cryptosporidium in watersheds poses a serious health problem and a challenge to water utilities. Several waterborne outbreaks of cryptosporidiosis, the disease caused by the parasite, have occurred world-wide and, in 1993 an outbreak in Milwaukee, Wisconsin involved an estimated 403,000 people. The oocyst associated with Cryptosporidium is extremely resistant to disinfection through chlorination. If water utilities hope to gain or maintain a US Environmental Protection Agency grant of a filtration avoidance determination, they must demonstrate that their watersheds are being adequately protected from Cryptosporidium. A major source of the parasite has been traced to beef and dairy farms where manure from infected animals is spread across fields and eventually drains into surface water supplies. In this article, the author reviews the diverse and scattered literature related to the methodologies of managing manure to accomplish oocyst inactivation. The article specifically explores slurry storage, anaerobic digestion, and composting and the two main factors affecting oocyst survival, which are temperature and ammonia levels. An Expanded Summary in this issue offers a condensed review of the literature; a full discussion of the literature can be found online at www.awwa.org/communications/e-journal/index-past issues/2004/February. Includes 3 references.