1.1 本指南提供了使用挥发性有机化合物（VOC）排放率已知的参考材料来估计与VOC排放室测试相关的偏差的程序。 1.2 本指南可用于评估在各种环境室中进行的挥发性有机化合物排放测量，例如小尺寸室、全尺寸室、发射室和微型室。 1.3 本指南可用于评估各种来源的挥发性有机化合物排放测量，包括“干”材料（例如地毯、地砖和刨花板）和“湿”材料（例如油漆和清洁产品）。 1.4 本指南可用于支持排放测试实验室的质量控制工作、参与排放测试项目的测试实验室的第三方认证，以及建筑和其他材料制造商的质量控制工作。 1.5 本指南可用于支持确定其他常用挥发性有机化合物排放标准（包括指南）的精度和偏差 D5116 ，试验方法 D6007年 ，ISO 16000-9，ANSI/BIFMA M7.1和CDPH/EHLB/Standard Method V1.2。 1.6 本指南还描述了合适排放标准物质的属性以及可用于独立确定标准物质VOC排放率的不同方法。 1.7 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.8 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.9 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 室内测试是一种全球公认的测量建筑材料和产品挥发性有机化合物排放量的方法。室内排放测试数据有多种用途，包括识别和标记低VOC排放的产品，以改善室内空气质量，制造质量控制，以及开发新的和改进的产品，以减少VOC排放。 5.2 目前，实验室间研究（ILS）是评估实验室VOC排放测试结果偏差的最常用方法。ILS通常依赖于具有非特征排放率的VOC源。因此，大量参与者（实践 E691 建议30，最低要求为6），以生成计算实验室相对于所有参与者的中心趋势和结果分布的性能所需的数据。由于参与者规模要求和其他后勤问题，ILS需要进行重大规划和协调，以实现有用的结果。 5.3 实验室间研究通常表明，对于给定的源，参与实验室之间测量的挥发性有机化合物排放率存在显著差异。 源排放率的可变性通常被怀疑是一个促成因素，但很难确定原因。因此，需要更好地描述来源，以评估实验室以可接受偏差生成VOC排放测试结果的能力，如中所述 8.6 . 5.4 挥发性有机化合物排放测试的能力验证（PT）通常侧重于实验室的分析能力。例如，分析PT依赖于由认证供应商编制的认证标准作为参考。实验室在不知道其浓度值的情况下分析铂样品。通过与已知值的偏差来判断结果的可接受性。参考材料的使用可以扩展分析PT方案，还包括试样处理、试样制备、腔室操作和腔室空气采样的影响。 5.5 根据ISO/IEC 17025认证的实验室需要得出其测试结果的不确定度估计。通常，这是通过制定不确定性预算和估计扩展不确定性来实现的（ISO/IEC指南98，实践 D7440 ). 未经ISO/IEC 17025认证的参考材料仍应随附不确定度预算。挥发性有机化合物排放测试的不确定度预算结合了测试过程中从试样制备到空气样品分析的所有步骤的相关测量不确定度来源。确定挥发性有机化合物排放测试总体偏差和精度的更有效方法是重复测试参考材料（见ISO/IEC指南98，ISO指南33）。 本指南通过比较测量值与参考材料值来估算偏差。精度是通过重复测试多个参考材料来确定的，最好是来自同一生产批次（见实践） D6299 和 E691 ). 5.6 排放标准物质的其他用途包括验证制造产品批次的质量控制排放测量，并为第三方认证提供可追溯性。

1.1 This guide provides procedures for using a reference material with a known emission rate of a volatile organic compound (VOC) to estimate the bias associated with a VOC emission chamber test. 1.2 This guide may be used to assess measurements of VOC emissions conducted in a variety of environmental chambers, such as small-scale chambers, full-scale chambers, emission cells, and micro-scale chambers. 1.3 This guide may be used to assess measurements of VOC emissions from a variety of sources including “dry” materials (for example, carpet, floor tile and particleboard) and “wet” materials (for example, paint and cleaning products). 1.4 This guide can be used to support quality control efforts by emissions testing laboratories, third party accreditation of testing laboratories participating in emissions testing programs, and quality control efforts by manufacturers of building and other materials. 1.5 This guide may be used to support the determination of precision and bias of other commonly used VOC emission standards including Guide D5116 , Test Method D6007 , ISO 16000-9, ANSI/BIFMA M7.1, and CDPH/EHLB/Standard Method V1.2. 1.6 This guide also describes the attributes of a suitable emission reference material and the different methods available to independently determine the reference material’s VOC emission rate. 1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Chamber testing is a globally-accepted method for measuring the emissions of VOCs from building materials and products. Chamber emission test data have a variety of uses including identification and labeling of products as low-VOC emitting for improved indoor air quality, manufacturing quality control, and development of new and improved products for reduced VOC emissions. 5.2 Currently, an inter-laboratory study (ILS) is the most frequently used method for assessing the bias of a laboratory’s VOC emission test results. An ILS typically relies on a VOC source with an uncharacterized emission rate. Consequently, a large number of participants (Practice E691 recommends 30, with a minimum requirement of six) are needed to produce the data required to calculate a laboratory’s performance relative to the central tendency and distribution of the results for all participants. Due to the participant size requirement and other logistical issues, an ILS involves significant planning and coordination to achieve useful results. 5.3 Inter-laboratory studies have often shown significant variations in measured VOC emission rates among participating laboratories for a given source. Variability in the emission rate from the source often is suspected to be a contributing factor, but it is difficult to be certain of the cause. Thus, better characterized sources are needed for evaluating the ability of laboratories to generate VOC emission test results with acceptable bias as discussed in 8.6 . 5.4 Proficiency tests (PT) for VOC emission testing typically focus on a laboratory’s analytical capabilities. For example, an analytical PT relies on a certified standard prepared by an accredited vendor as a reference. A laboratory analyzes the PT sample without knowledge of its concentration value. Acceptance of the results is judged by the deviation from the known value. Use of reference materials can expand analytical PT schemes to also include the impacts of test sample handling, test specimen preparation, chamber operation, and chamber air sampling. 5.5 Laboratories accredited under ISO/IEC 17025 are required to derive uncertainty estimates for their test results. Typically, this is done by developing an uncertainty budget and estimating an expanded uncertainty (ISO/IEC Guide 98, Practice D7440 ). Reference materials not accredited under ISO/IEC 17025 should still be delivered with documented uncertainty budgets. An uncertainty budget for a VOC emission test combines relevant sources of measurement uncertainty for all steps in the testing process from test specimen preparation through air sample analysis. A more efficient approach to determining the overall bias and precision for a VOC emission test is with repeated testing of a reference material (see ISO/IEC Guide 98, ISO Guide 33). This guide addresses the estimation of bias through comparison of the measured value to the reference material value. The precision is determined through repeated testing of multiple reference materials, ideally from the same production batch (see Practices D6299 and E691 ). 5.6 Other uses of an emissions reference material include verifying quality control emission measurements of manufactured product batches and providing traceability for third party certification.