为了响应《蒙特利尔议定书》和《国家电器节能法案》（NAECA）的监管措施，冰箱制造商和政府研究人员正在调查R-12的节能替代制冷剂。1987年颁布的《蒙特利尔议定书》要求，到1998年年中，R-12的产量比1986年的水平减少50%（1987年《联邦公报》）。因此，必须尽快决定更换制冷剂，以便有时间进行设计更改、产品寿命测试和重新装备。为了选择对能源消耗和环境影响最小的制冷剂，对潜在制冷剂进行了筛选分析，最终选择了六种候选制冷剂。筛选结果表明R-134a，R-134，R-152a，R-134a/R-152a，R- 基于以下标准，22/R-152a/R-124和R-134a/R-152a/R-124是未来最有前途的制冷剂:臭氧消耗潜能（ODP）、温室升温潜能（GWP）、性能系数（COP）和安全性。

In response to regulatory actions arising from the Montreal Protocol and the National Appliance Energy Conservation Act (NAECA), refrigerator-freezer manufacturers and government researchers are investigating energyefficient replacement refrigerants for R-12. The Montreal Protocol, enacted in 1987, requires that by mid-1998, the production of R-12 be reduced by 50% relative to 1986 levels (Federal Register 1987). As a result, a replacement refrigerant must be decided upon as soon as possible to allow time for design changes, product life tests, and retooling. In an effort to select a refrigerant that has minimal impact on energy consumption and the environment, a screening analysis of potential refrigerants was performed that resulted in the selection of six candidates. The screening results show thatR-134a, R-134, R-152a, R- 134a/R-152a, R-22/R-152a/R-124, and R-134a/R-152a/R- 124 are the most promising refrigerants for future use based on the following criteria: ozone depletion potential (ODP), greenhouse warming potential (GWP), coefficient of performance (COP), and safety.