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The Effects of Air Movement and Temperature on the Thermal Sensations of Sedentary Man 空气运动和温度对久坐的人热感觉的影响
风对生物体行为的影响很难描述。在低温下,它的有毒特性会导致雪橇犬卷成一团,家畜和野生动物都会寻求庇护,而人类则会竖起衣领,朝着风吹的方向转过身来。夏天,预示着雷雨即将来临的强风将鸟类和农场动物送入藏身之地。甚至在汽车空调下感受到高速空气的冷却效果之前,就已经观察到降低鼓风机转速的普遍做法。根据对动物的实证研究,假设所有880英尺/分钟(10英里/小时)的风都是令人不快的,无论温度如何,440英尺/分钟(5英里/小时)及以下的风都有不同的影响,因为它们在高温和低温下令人不快,在舒适或中等热条件下令人愉快。 这一假设的检验已经在非人灵长类动物身上进行过;然而,人类受试者对它的支持只是猜测(1,2,3)。因此,本研究的目的是确定久坐的人类受试者在不同环境温度下暴露于各种空气运动条件下的情感或热感觉。引文:加利福尼亚州洛杉矶ASHRAE Transactions第80卷第1部分
The effect of wind on the behavior of living organisms is difficult to describe. At low temperatures its noxious qualities cause sled dogs to roll up in a ball, domestic and wild animals alike to seek shelter, and men to raise their coat collars and turn their backs in the direction from which the wind is blowing. In summer, high winds signalling the approach of a thunderstorm send birds and farm animals into hiding. And even before the cooling effects of high-velocity air are felt under automobile airconditioning, a universal practice of reducing the blower speed is observed.From empirical studies with animals, it has been hypothesized that all winds of 880 ft/ min (10 mph) are unpleasant regardless of temperature and that winds of 440 ft/min (5 mph) and less have a differential affectivity in that they are unpleasant at high and low temperatures and pleasant under comfortable or moderate thermal conditions. The test of this hypothesis has been conducted with non-human primates; however, its support from human subjects has only been conjectured (1,2,3). Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the affectivity or thermal sensations of sedentary human subjects when exposed to various conditions of air movement at different ambient temperatures.
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