含硝化纤维素（NC）废水的处置和处理是美国陆军的一个主要问题。对弗吉尼亚州拉德福德陆军弹药厂（RAAP）NC废水样品的超滤（UF）和微滤（MF）进行了研究。通量性能取决于NC废水特性以及膜特性，如膜类型、孔径和基材。大多数NC废水样品中的主要污染物是胶体和超胶体NC细粉。然而，除了NC罚款外，偷猎者住宅废水样本中的溶解有机物也造成了严重污染。粉末活性炭（PAC）预处理通过降低可逆/不可逆污染显著改善了偷猎者小屋样品的通量性能。超滤膜更容易受到有机污染，而MF膜更容易受到NC细颗粒的污染，这是由于孔隙堵塞/吸附。 对于最差的通量性能，似乎存在一个临界膜孔径。纤维素基UF/MF膜的通量性能最好。用两种选定的UF/MF膜研究了跨膜压力（5-15psi）和搅拌的影响。虽然通量下降率随跨膜压力的增加而增加，但实际渗透通量随跨膜压力的增加而增加，表明通量仍处于压力控制区。出乎意料的是，与搅拌条件相比，未搅拌条件产生了更高的通量性能。对滤饼样品的显微镜和图像分析表明，这可能是由于在未搅拌的条件下，在膜表面形成密度较低的滤饼造成的。

Disposal and treatment of nitrocellulose (NC) containing wastewaters is a major concern for the US Army. Ultrafiltration (UF) and microfiltration (MF) of NC wastewater samples from the Radford Army Ammunition Plant (RAAP), in Radford, Virginia, have been studied for various UF/MF membranes in a batch cell. The flux performance depends on NC wastewater characteristics as well as membrane properties such as membrane type, pore size, and base material. The major foulant in most NC wastewater samples was colloidal and supracolloidal NC fines. However, in addition to NC fines, dissolved organic matter in a wastewater sample from the poacher house caused serious fouling. Powdered activated carbon (PAC) pretreatment dramatically improved the flux performance for the poacher house sample by lowering reversible/irreversible fouling. UF membranes were more susceptible to organic fouling while MF membranes were more easily fouled by NC fines due to pore blocking/adsorption. A critical membrane pore size appeared to exist for the worst flux performance. The cellulose based UF/MF membranes showed the best flux performance among the membranes tested. The effects of transmembrane pressure (from 5 to 15 psi) and stirring were investigated with two selected UF/MF membranes. Although the flux decline rate increased with the transmembrane pressure, the actual permeate flux increased with the transmembrane pressure, showing that the flux was still in the pressure controlled region. Unexpectedly, the unstirred conditions produced higher flux performance than the stirred conditions. Microscopy and image analysis of cake samples showed that this was probably caused by the formation of a less dense cake at the membrane surface under unstirred conditions.