本文探讨了饮用水生物处理的理论和实践。讨论了氨氮的去除和硝化的基本原理。本文介绍了欧洲硝化和处理工艺的实践，这些工艺使用附着或生物膜细菌来增强硝化作用，这些细菌会累积，从而提供较大的固体保留时间，如生物过滤、流化床过滤（也称为生物沉降过滤）、快速砂滤和颗粒活性炭床内的硝化作用。即使在低温下，这些工艺也能很好地去除污染物。提出了一个定量动力学模型，为生物水处理工艺的设计和运行提供了依据。 讨论了生物降解有机物的生物去除和生物氧化锰。作者建议遵循生物工艺和常规工艺，以提供多重屏障，防止微生物逃逸到成品水中。包括67个参考文献、表格和图表。

This article examines the theory and practice of biological treatment of drinking water. The removal of ammonia and the basics of nitrification are discussed. The European practice of nitrification and treatment processes to enhance nitrification that use attached or biofilm bacteria that accumulate to give a large solids retention time such as biological filtration, fluidized bed filtration (also called biological sedimentation filtration), rapid sand filtration, and nitrification within granular activated carbon beds are described. Good removal is possible with these processes, even at low temperatures. A quantitative kinetic model that provides a basis for the design and operation of biological water treatment processes is presented. The biological removal of biodegradable organic matter and biological manganese oxidation are addressed. The authors recommend following the biological process with conventional processes to provide multiple barriers against the escape of microorganisms into the finished water. Includes 67 references, tables, figures.