1.1 本规程涵盖了流动水样的调节，以精确测量水的各种化学和物理参数，无论是连续的还是抓取的。本规程涉及来自蒸汽或水的高温、低温和压力样品流的调节。 1.2 本规程提供了精确控制样品流量的程序，以尽量减少因流量变化而引起的测量变量变化。 1.3 本规程提供了精确控制样品温度的程序，以尽量减少因温度变化引起的测量变量变化。 1.4 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。国际单位制后括号中给出的值仅供参考，不被视为标准值。 1.5 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 样品调节系统的设计必须适应广泛的样品源温度和压力。此外，必须努力确保生成的样品在运输和调节过程中没有发生变化，也没有遭受过多的运输延迟。研究表明，在特定流速下，样品流在润湿表面上的离子和颗粒物沉积量最小 ( 1- 5. ) . 3. 5.1.1 为了确保保持样品的物理和化学性质，必须在整个取样过程中控制该流速，而不管源温度和压力的预期变化，例如在启动过程中，或改变过程操作条件。 5.2 使用分析仪温度补偿方法的需要取决于所需的测量精度。处理超纯水的设施将需要严格控制样品温度和温度补偿，以确保准确测量。可以通过添加第二或微调冷却阶段来控制温度。温度补偿必须基于所分析样品中的特定污染物。在可以容忍水化学变化的其他设施中，使用微调冷却或精确的温度补偿可以提供足够的过程测量精度。 这并没有否定强烈建议的恒温采样实践，尤其是在25°C下，作为确保可重复和可比较分析结果的最成熟方法。 5.3 存在一种单独的分析类别，不需要或事实上无法使用完全调节的样品获得准确的结果。例如，收集腐蚀产物样品需要将样品保持在接近全系统压力下，但冷却到闪蒸温度以下，以确保收集到具有代表性的颗粒。与其他情况一样，只有一些主要条件标准适用于这种情况。 温度补偿不适用，因为所分析的材料不是液态。

1.1 This practice covers the conditioning of a flowing water sample for the precise measurement of various chemical and physical parameters of the water, whether continuous or grab. This practice addresses the conditioning of both high- and low-temperature and pressure sample streams, whether from steam or water. 1.2 This practice provides procedures for the precise control of sample flow rate to minimize changes of the measured variable(s) due to flow changes. 1.3 This practice provides procedures for the precise control of sample temperature to minimize changes of the measured variable(s) due to temperature changes. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Sample conditioning systems must be designed to accommodate a wide range of sample source temperatures and pressures. Additionally, efforts must be made to ensure that the resultant sample has not been altered during transport and conditioning and has not suffered excessive transport delay. Studies have shown that sample streams will exhibit minimal deposition of ionic and particulate matter on wetted surfaces at specific flow rates ( 1- 5 ) . 3 5.1.1 To ensure that the physical and chemical properties of the sample are preserved, this flow rate must be controlled throughout the sampling process, regardless of expected changes of source temperature and pressure, for example, during startup, or changing process operating conditions. 5.2 The need to use analyzer temperature compensation methods is dependent on the required accuracy of the measurement. Facilities dealing with ultra-pure water will require both closely controlled sample temperature and temperature compensation to ensure accurate measurements. The temperature can be controlled by adding a second or trim cooling stage. The temperature compensation must be based on the specific contaminants in the sample being analyzed. In other facilities in which some variation in water chemistry can be tolerated, the use of either trim cooling or accurate temperature compensation may provide sufficient accuracy of process measurements. This does not negate the highly recommended practice of constant temperature sampling, especially at 25°C, as the most proven method of ensuring repeatable and comparable analytical results. 5.3 A separate class of analysis exists that does not require or, in fact, cannot use the fully conditioned sample for accurate results. For example, the collection of corrosion product samples requires that the sample remain at near full system pressure, but cooled below the flash temperature, in order to ensure a representative collection of particulates. Only some of the primary conditioning criteria apply in this case, as in others. Temperature compensation is not applicable since the material being analyzed is not in a liquid state.