1.1 本规程涵盖了使用电磁（涡流/磁感应）方法分选黑色金属的程序。该程序涉及使用绝对型或比较器型线圈的仪器，用于区分质量、形状、电导率、磁导率和其他变量的变化，如硬度和合金，这些变量会影响材料的电磁或磁性。还包括参考标准的选择，以确定分类的可行性和建立标准。 2. 1.2 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.3 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 绝对法和比较法提供了一种根据成分、条件、结构或加工或其组合对库存的大量含铁零件进行分类的方法。 5.2 当需要进行高灵敏度测试时，使用比较法或双线圈法。这种方法的优点是，只要线圈和参考部件都暴露在不相关的相同条件下，它几乎完全抑制了所有内部或外部干扰，如温度变化或杂散磁场。 5.3 令人满意地实现这些类型的分离的能力取决于铁磁部件的磁特性与其物理条件的关系。 5.4 这些方法可用于全自动设置中的高速分拣，根据样本的大小和形状，测试速度可能接近每秒10个样本。 5.5 分选铁磁材料的成功主要取决于测试线圈中信号的磁场强度和频率、填充因子和样本中存在的变量的正确选择。 5.6 测试线圈场和试样之间的耦合以及试样在测量期间保持在测试线圈场中的精度将极大地影响某种精度。谐波测试可以在很大程度上降低定位精度的灵敏度。 5.7 当测试线圈中使用高电流时，应提供一种方法来保持参考标准的恒定温度，以最大限度地减少测量漂移。

1.1 This practice covers the procedure for sorting ferrous metals using the electromagnetic (eddy current/magnetic induction) method. The procedure relates to instruments using absolute or comparator-type coils for distinguishing variations in mass, shape, conductivity, permeability, and other variables such as hardness and alloy that affect the electromagnetic or magnetic properties of the material. The selection of reference standards to determine sorting feasibility and to establish standards is also included. 2 1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Absolute and comparative methods provide a means for sorting large quantities of ferrous parts of stock with regard to composition, condition, structure, or processing, or a combination thereof. 5.2 The comparative or two-coil method is used when high-sensitivity testing is required. The advantage of this method is that it almost completely suppresses all internal or external disturbances such as temperature variations or stray magnetic fields, provided both the coils and both the reference parts are exposed to the same conditions which are not of relevance. 5.3 The ability to accomplish satisfactorily these types of separations is dependent upon the relation of the magnetic characteristics of the ferromagnetic parts to their physical condition. 5.4 These methods may be used for high-speed sorting in a fully automated setup where the speed of testing may approach ten specimens per second depending on their size and shape. 5.5 The success of sorting ferromagnetic material depends mainly on the proper selection of magnetic field strength and frequency of signal in the test coil, fill factor, and variables present in the sample. 5.6 The degree of accuracy of a sort will be affected greatly by the coupling between the test coil field and the test specimen and the accuracy with which the specimen is held in the test coil field during the measuring period. Testing with harmonics can, to a large extent, reduce the sensitivity to accuracy of location. 5.7 When high currents are used in the test coil, a means should be provided to maintain a constant temperature of the reference standard in order to minimize measurement drift.