1.1 这些实践涵盖了所有塑料材料的评估，包括铸造、热成型、冷成型、层压树脂产品和板材的耐化学试剂性。 1.2 本文介绍了三个程序，两个在实践A（浸泡试验）下，一个在实践B（施加应变的标准条件下的机械应力和试剂暴露）下。这些实践包括报告重量、尺寸、外观、颜色、强度和其他机械性能变化的规定。指定标准试剂是为了在可比较的基础上建立结果，而不排除使用与特定耐化学性要求相关的其他化学试剂。规定了各种暴露时间、压力条件和高温下暴露于试剂的条件。 调节类型（浸泡或湿贴/擦拭方法）取决于材料的最终用途。如果材料用作容器或传输线，则使用浸泡试样。如果材料只能短时间暴露或将在附近使用，并且试剂会飞溅或溢出到材料上，则使用湿贴或擦拭方法将试剂涂抹到材料上。 注1: 评估环境应力开裂抗力的实践B与实践不同 D7474 ，旨在使用校准的化学试剂测量模制砜塑料零件中的残余应力。实践B与试验方法不同 D1693 该研究旨在通过测量给定时间内开裂的试样比例，量化乙烯塑料在特定条件下对环境应力开裂的敏感性。 1.3 化学试剂对性能的影响应通过在浸泡或应力前后或两者（如果进行了测试）对标准试样进行测量来确定。 1.4 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。括号中给出的值仅供参考。 1.5 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 具体危害说明见第节 7. . 注2: 国际标准化组织 175和ISO 22088第3部分涉及的主题与本标准实践A和B相同，但技术内容不同，结果无法直接比较。 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 从这些实践中获得的结果存在局限性。试剂类型和浓度的选择、浸泡或应力的持续时间，或两者兼有、应力水平、试验温度和待报告的性质都是任意的。这些条件的规范为标准化提供了基础，并为希望比较各种塑料对化学试剂的相对电阻的研究人员提供了指南。 4.2 测试结果与塑料的实际性能或可用性的相关性必然取决于测试和最终使用条件之间的相似性。对于涉及连续浸泡的应用，在短期试验中获得的数据仅对消除最不合适的材料或指示可能的耐化学试剂相对顺序感兴趣。 4.3 涉及腐蚀条件的特殊应用的塑料评估应基于所遇到的特定试剂和浓度。根据与试剂接触的方式和持续时间、系统温度、施加的应力和特定应用中涉及的其他性能因素选择测试条件。 4.4 这些实践提供了一般指南，但没有涵盖塑料的所有不同应用的细节，例如在汽车中使用和暴露于各种汽车液体，或在医院环境中使用时暴露于消毒剂和清洗液。这些实践可以扩展到此类应用，并在报告中详细说明了所进行的研究。 4.5 使用适当的控制对于评估这些实践产生的信息的效用至关重要。应特别注意生成的数据的可变性，尤其是基线控制，以及报告的数据生成问题，以减少信息滥用。

1.1 These practices cover the evaluation of all plastic materials including cast, hot-molded, cold-molded, laminated resinous products, and sheet materials for resistance to chemical reagents. 1.2 Three procedures are presented, two under practice A (Immersion Test), and one under practice B (Mechanical Stress and Reagent Exposure under Standardized Conditions of Applied Strain). These practices include provisions for reporting changes in weight, dimensions, appearance, color, strength, and other mechanical properties. Standard reagents are specified to establish results on a comparable basis without precluding the use of other chemical reagents pertinent to specific chemical resistance requirements. Provisions are made for various exposure times, stress conditions, and exposure to reagents at elevated temperatures. The type of conditioning (immersion or wet patch/wipe method) depends upon the end-use of the material. If the material is used as a container or transfer line, immersion of the specimens is used. If the material will only see short exposures or will be used in proximity and reagent will splash or spill on the material, the wet patch or wipe method of applying reagent to the material is used. Note 1: Practice B for evaluating environmental stress cracking resistance differs from Practice D7474 , which seeks to measure residual stresses in molded sulfone plastic parts with the use of calibrated chemical reagents. Practice B differs from Test Method D1693 , which seeks to quantify the susceptibility of ethylene plastics to environmental stress-cracking subjected to specific conditions, by measuring the proportion of specimens that crack in a given time. 1.3 The effect of chemical reagents on properties shall be determined by making measurements on standard specimens for such tests before and after immersion or stress, or both, if so tested. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards statements are given in Section 7 . Note 2: ISO 175 and ISO 22088 Part 3 address the same subject matter as Practices A and B of this standard, but differ in technical content and the results cannot be directly compared. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 There are limitations of the results obtained from these practices. The choice of types and concentrations of reagents, duration of immersion or stress, or both, level of stress, temperature of the test, and properties to be reported are necessarily arbitrary. The specification of these conditions provides a basis for standardization and serves as a guide to investigators wishing to compare the relative resistance of various plastics to chemical reagents. 4.2 Correlation of test results with the actual performance or serviceability of plastics is necessarily dependent upon the similarity between the testing and the end-use conditions. For applications involving continuous immersion, the data obtained in short-time tests are of interest only in eliminating the most unsuitable materials or indicating a probable relative order of resistance to chemical reagents. 4.3 Evaluation of plastics for special applications involving corrosive conditions shall be based upon the particular reagents and concentrations to be encountered. Base the selection of test conditions on the manner and duration of contact with reagents, the temperature of the system, applied stress, and other performance factors involved in the particular application. 4.4 The practices present general guidelines without covering specifics on all the varied applications of plastics, such as use in automobiles and exposure to various automotive fluids, or use in hospital environments with exposure to disinfectants and cleaning fluids. These practices can be extended to such applications with specifics on the study conducted noted in the report. 4.5 The use of appropriate controls is critical to evaluate the utility of the information generated by these practices. Particular attention should be given to the variability in the data generated, especially for the baseline controls, and issues in data generation reported to mitigate misuse of information.