目前，空间供暖占世界能源需求的很大一部分。大部分热量来自碳密集型化石燃料。地源热泵（GSHPs）是一种可用于提供低碳排放加热/冷却和热水供应的技术。然而，目前地源热泵通常是比传统化石燃料供暖系统更昂贵的替代品。此外，设计不当的地源热泵可能会增加运营成本，而且往往无法提供预期的减排效果。由于地源热泵系统的设计涉及许多不确定性，设计师在选择系统尺寸时更倾向于使用不必要的高安全系数，这反过来会导致高昂的安装成本。 因此，减少这些不确定性，改进地源热泵系统的设计程序，以最大限度地发挥这项技术的优势，使其在市场上更具竞争力，是非常重要的。本文介绍了英国伦敦One New Change零售开发项目中安装的1.5 MW（426吨）容量地源热泵系统的案例研究。该系统包括建筑地基下的192个热桩和两个开放式井式热交换器。利用TRNSYS能源模拟平台对地源热泵系统进行了模拟。采用基于“管道-地面蓄热模型”的常规钻孔模型对热桩进行建模。模型的结果与+/- 8个月内从系统收集的实际性能数据的11%。因此得出结论，钻孔模型可用于模拟热桩的性能，前提是桩体长度相等，且间距在均匀网格内。然后，利用该模型评估了地源热泵系统在30年寿命内的能源使用、总运营成本和二氧化碳排放量。结果表明，尽管地源热泵系统显著降低了能源消耗，但在英国目前的天然气和电力价格下，地源热泵系统的运营成本高于传统的加热和冷却系统。 引文:美国丹佛市ASHRAE会议论文

Currently space heating accounts for a large portion of the world's energy demand. The majority of this heat is produced from carbon intensive fossil fuels. Ground Source Heat Pumps (GSHPs) are a technology which can be utilized to offer low carbon emissions heating/cooling and hot water supply. However, currently GSHPs are often a more expensive alternative to conventional fossil-fuel heating systems. Moreover, improperly designed GSHPs can increase operational costs and often do not provide the expected reduction in emissions. Due to the many uncertainties involved in the design of GSHP systems, designers prefer to use unnecessarily high factors of safety when choosing the size of a system, which in turn leads to high installation costs. Hence it is important to reduce these uncertainties and improve design procedures of GSHP systems in order to maximize the advantages of this technology and make it more competitive in the market. This paper presents a case study of a 1.5 MW (426 ton) capacity GSHP system installed in the One New Change retail development in London, UK. The system includes 192 thermal-piles underneath the building foundations and two open-well heat exchangers. The GSHP system was simulated using the TRNSYS energy simulation platform. A conventional borehole model based on the 'Duct Ground Heat Storage Model' was used to model the thermal-piles. Results of the model matched to within +/-11% of actual performance data collected from the system over a period of eight months. It was therefore concluded that the borehole model can be used to simulate the performance of thermal-piles, provided that the piles are of an equal length and are spaced within a uniform grid. The model was then used to evaluate the energy usage, total operational cost and CO2emissions of the GSHP system over a lifetime of 30 years. Results show that although the GSHP system significantly reduces energy consumption, with the current gas and electricity prices in the UK, operational costs for the GSHP system are higher than those of a conventional heating and cooling system.