本文件阐述了野火和消防活动对环境（空气、水、土壤、野生动物和植被）的影响。它进一步探讨了野地火灾排放物对暴露在外的人群（包括消防员）以及粮食生产、陆地、海上和空中交通以及建筑环境的影响。它还描述了消防活动的环境影响。 本文件还提供了量化野火影响和制定火灾后缓解措施的要求和建议。 涵盖的野火包括自然野火和人为火灾，包括规定的燃烧和农业火灾，但不包括泥炭火或煤层火。 本文件旨在作为制定以下标准协议的工具: -野火对当地和偏远地区不利环境影响的评估； -评估烟雾和气体暴露对消防员和暴露人群的影响。 它为事故指挥官和其他责任方或受影响方提供了有关消防策略、战术和恢复的指导。主要供消防员和调查人员、保险供应商、环境监管机构、民防组织、公共卫生机构和土地所有者使用。 本文件不包括有关汇编和报告评估火灾事故造成的环境损害所需信息的具体说明，也不包括具体的采样方法和分析要求。 这些主题是ISO 26367系列文件的重点。本文件既不涉及火灾对建筑环境的损害，也不涉及其他ISO标准所涵盖的直接急性毒性问题，也不涉及经济影响，尽管气候变化的影响在附件D中进行了讨论。

This document addresses the impact of wildland fires and firefighting activities on the environment (air, water, soil, wildlife and vegetation). It further addresses the impact of wildland fire effluents on exposed human population, including firefighters, as well as food production, land, sea and air traffic, and the built environment. It also describes the environmental impacts of firefighting activities. This document also provides requirements and recommendations to quantify such impacts of wildland fires and to establish post-fire mitigation measures. The wildland fires covered include both natural wildland fires and man-initiated fires, including prescribed burning and agricultural fires, but not peat fires nor coal seam fires. This document is intended to serve as a tool for the development of standard protocols for: — the assessment of local and remote adverse environmental impacts of wildland fires; — the assessment of the effects of smoke and gas exposure on firefighters and exposed human populations. It provides guidance for incident commanders and other responsible or affected parties when decisions regarding firefighting strategies, tactics, and restoration are made. It is intended principally for use by firefighters and investigators, insurance providers, environmental regulatory authorities, civil defence organisations, public health authorities and land owners. This document does not include specific instruction on compiling and reporting the information needed to assess environmental damage caused by a fire incident, nor does it include specific sampling methodologies and analysis requirements. These topics are the focus of documents in the ISO 26367 series. This document does not address either fire damage to the built environment, direct acute toxicity issues, which are covered by other ISO standards, nor does it address economic impact, although the impact of climate change is discussed in Annex D.