在MF/UF工艺的实际操作中，膜的完整性对于确保 持续生产高品质的成品水。然而，目前缺乏足够的资金 提供详细的评估知识库和选择方法 推荐的完整性监测方法，尤其是那些来自全面测试的方法。 以前在这方面的工作主要集中在试点规模的评估上。虽然这提供了 对于有用的信息，迫切需要执行和呈现更详细、更现实、更准确的信息 全面测试得出的完整性监测方法的系统评估。满刻度 测试对于捕捉飞行员无法获得的真实稀释效果至关重要 测试。该项目的重点是评估现有的和改进的完整性监测方法 MF/UF工艺来自全面测试。几种直接和间接监测方法的测试 方法在六个膜工厂进行。四 其中三家参与工厂位于美国，其余两家位于美国 在国际上。这些发电厂的容量范围为7至24 mgd，代表着 可用MF/UF系统的设计和运行参数。全尺寸微生物 在两个MF/UF工厂也进行了枯草芽孢杆菌孢子挑战性试验，以验证 监测方法。试验在每个试验点的一个全尺寸膜架上进行 植物实验是用完整的和人工破坏的膜进行的 监控、分析和比较不同级别的漏洞的完整性监控信号。测试的间接监测方法包括 颗粒计数、颗粒监测、浊度监测、激光浊度监测、多传感器 激光浊度监测和“粒子放大器”方法。包括5个参考文献、表格、图表。

In the practical operation of MF/UF processes, membrane integrity is critical to assure the consistent production of high-quality finished water. However, there is currently a lack of availability of detailed assessment knowledge bases and selection methodologies for recommended integrity monitoring methods, especially those derived from full-scale testing. Previous work in this area has focused mostly at pilot scale assessment. While this provides useful information, there is a critical need to perform and present a more detailed, realistic, and systematic assessment of integrity monitoring methods derived from full scale testing. Full-scale testing is essential to capture the realistic dilution effects that are not available through pilot testing. This project focused on assessment of existing and improved integrity monitoring methods for MF/UF processes from full-scale testing. Testing of several direct and indirect monitoring methods was performed at six membrane plants. Four of the participating plants are located in the U.S., while the remaining two are located internationally. These plants range in capacity from about 7 to 24 mgd and represent a range of design and operational parameters characterizing available MF/UF systems. Full-scale microbial challenge testing with Bacillus subtilis spores was also included at two MF/UF plants to validate the monitoring methods. The testing was performed at one full-scale membrane rack at each plant. Experiments were performed with integral and artificially compromised membranes to monitor, analyze, and compare integrity monitoring signals at various levels of breach. Indirect monitoring methods tested include particle counting, particle monitoring, turbidity monitoring, laser turbidity monitoring, multisensor laser turbidity monitoring, and a "particle amplifier" approach. Includes 5 references, tables, figures.