1.1 本实践描述了与资产管理系统相关的预期结果。它是对成就的衡量，而不是过程，是以性能为导向的，而不是以设计为导向的。 1.2 结果是指由于目标、计划、过程、事故、努力或其他类似行动或事件的结果或后果而产生的信息、事件、对象或状态，可以用定量或定性的方式表示。 1.3 产出度量是活动或努力的制表、计算或记录，可以用定量或定性的方式表示。例如，输出速度为100 mph；结果正在安全到来。 1.4 结果度量是对项目活动结果与其预期目的进行比较的评估。 本实践假设输入与被评估系统或系统组件的已知或声明输出相关。 1.5 符合实践 E2452 （EMPM），这些结果分为过程管理结果和运营结果。 1.5.1 虽然它们可能直接相关，但不应将战略和战术与结果混淆。战略是旨在实现特定目标的长期行动计划。战术是为达到某种目的而设计的策略或行动。例如，增加锻炼是实现健身目标或结果的一种策略。跑步是实现健身目标或结果的辅助策略。其他策略或策略组可能会达到相同的结果。 另一方面，作为 结果 表明，实现结果不需要策略。例如，健身可能是需要体力消耗的工作的意外结果。 1.6 这种做法从高层次上描述了结果，对每个结果或每个结果的组成部分进行了有限的讨论。其目的是为当前和潜在的其他标准提供一个框架。第节提供了与当前标准和结果相关的交叉参考 5. . 1.7 第节进一步描述了结果 5. 如下所示: 1.7.1 过程管理成果: 1.7.1.1 结果1-任务支持 1.7.1.2 结果2-会计和问责制 1.7.1.3 结果3-信息管理 1. 7.1.4 结果4-规划 1.7.1.5 结果5-关系 1.7.2 运营成果: 1.7.2.1 结果6-预期用途的资产功能 1.7.2.2 结果7-资源优化 1.7.2.3 结果8-资产可见性 1.7.2.4 结果9-安全和安保 1.7.2.5 结果10安装、移动和存储 1.8 在节中 5. ，提供了一个评级量表，以统一的方式量化结果和结果组成部分的实现情况。 1.9 本实践与实践相结合 E2279页 ，澄清并实现对资产的有效控制和跟踪，并可能为围绕物业和物业管理系统做出决策提供增强的基础。 1.10 本惯例适用于所有资产- 控股实体。 1.11 本惯例涵盖术语中定义的有形资产和有形财产 E2135 . 与使用的术语一致，实践的各个部分可能适用于更有限的有形资产子集，例如，设备而不是材料。 1.12 本实践假设执行评估和被评估人员的能力和主题专业知识。（例如，如高黄皮书中所述。）资产管理专业人士需要运用专业判断来实现预期结果。 1.13 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.14 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 该实践确立了与资产管理系统相关的预期结果。 4.2 了解性能标准和设计标准之间的差异。这些主要是性能声明和设计声明。衡量的是成就，而不是过程。 4.3 这种做法鼓励全面理解和沟通与资产管理系统相关的结果。 随着附加标准的增加，可以在此基础上进一步与其他资产管理系统进行比较。 4.4 本实践与实践相结合 E2279页 ，应为围绕资产和资产管理系统进行决策提供增强的基础。 4.5 本实践旨在促进和支持与结果和结果组成部分中的术语和概念相关或基于这些术语和概念的其他标准实践。特别是，这种做法可能会为实现这些成果的努力提供有用的个人和管理技能标准。 4.6 该实践旨在评估资产管理系统的稳健程度，并指导未来的纠正和改进。

1.1 This practice describes expected outcomes associated with an asset management system. It is a measure of achievement rather than process and is performance oriented rather than design oriented. 1.2 Outcomes are defined as information, events, objects, or states of being produced as a result or consequence of an objective, plan, process, accident, effort, or other similar action or occurrence and can be expressed in a quantitative or qualitative manner. 1.3 An output measure is the tabulation, calculation, or recording of activity or effort and can be expressed in a quantitative or qualitative manner. For example, an output is driving 100 mph; an outcome is arriving safely. 1.4 An outcome measure is an assessment of the results of a program activity compared to its intended purpose. This practice assumes that inputs are correlated to known or declared outputs of the system or system component being assessed. 1.5 Consistent with Practice E2452 (EMPM), these outcomes are grouped into process management outcomes and operational outcomes. 1.5.1 Although they may be directly related, strategies and tactics should not be confused with outcomes. Strategies are long-term plans of action designed to achieve a particular goal. Tactics are maneuvers or actions calculated to achieve some end. For example, increasing exercise is a strategy to attain the goal or outcome of fitness. Running is a supporting tactic to achieve the goal or outcome of fitness. Other tactics or groups of tactics may achieve the same outcome. On the other hand, as the definition of outcome indicates, tactics are not required for attaining outcomes. For example, fitness may be an unplanned result of a job requiring physical exertion. 1.6 This practice describes the outcomes at a high level, with limited discussion of each outcome or components of each outcome. The intent is to provide a framework for current and potential additional standards. A cross reference relating current standards to the outcomes is provided in Section 5 . 1.7 The outcomes further described in Section 5 are listed in the following: 1.7.1 Process Management Outcomes: 1.7.1.1 Outcome 1—Mission Support 1.7.1.2 Outcome 2—Accounting and Accountability 1.7.1.3 Outcome 3—Information Management 1.7.1.4 Outcome 4—Planning 1.7.1.5 Outcome 5—Relationships 1.7.2 Operational Outcomes: 1.7.2.1 Outcome 6—Asset Functionality for Intended Purpose 1.7.2.2 Outcome 7—Resource Optimization 1.7.2.3 Outcome 8—Asset Visibility 1.7.2.4 Outcome 9—Safety and Security 1.7.2.5 Outcome 10—Installation, Movement, and Storage 1.8 In Section 5 , a rating scale is provided to quantify in a uniform manner achievement of outcomes and outcome components. 1.9 This practice, in combination with Practice E2279 , clarifies and enables effective and efficient control and tracking of assets and may provide an enhanced basis for making decisions surrounding both property and property management systems. 1.10 This practice is intended to be applicable and appropriate for all asset-holding entities. 1.11 This practice covers tangible assets and tangible property as defined in Terminology E2135 . Consistent with the nomenclature used, individual portions of the practice may be applicable to more limited subsets of tangible assets, for example, to equipment and not to material. 1.12 This practice assumes competence and subject matter expertise of those performing the assessment and those being assessed. (For example, as specified in the GAO Yellow Book.) The use of professional judgment by asset management professionals is required to achieve desired outcomes. 1.13 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.14 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 This practice establishes expected outcomes associated with an asset management system. 4.2 Understand the difference between performance standards and design standards—these are primarily performance statements versus design statements. What is being measured is achievement, not process. 4.3 This practice encourages an inclusive understanding and communication of the outcomes associated with an asset management system. As additional standards are added, comparisons on this basis to other asset management systems can be further enabled. 4.4 This practice, in combination with Practice E2279 , should provide an enhanced basis for making decisions surrounding both assets and asset management systems. 4.5 This practice is intended to foster and enable additional standard practices related to or based on the terms and concepts in the outcomes and outcome components. In particular, this practice may suggest a standard for personal and management skills useful in efforts to achieve these outcomes. 4.6 This practice is to evaluate how robust the asset management system is, and guide future corrections and improvements.