所有放射性物质的大规模使用都需要严格控制废气和产生的气溶胶。核空气和气体净化技术通过各种设备满足了从曼哈顿项目开始到现在的需要。使用时间最长、最值得注意的是HEPA（高效微粒空气）过滤器，该过滤器最初被称为“绝对过滤器”，以表彰其非凡的微粒保留特性。活性炭吸附器已在世界范围内被用于以分子和组合形式保留挥发性放射性碘，并且用于保留放射性惰性气体的频率较低。HEPA过滤器和活性炭吸附器通常与辅助装置一起使用，以延长其有效使用寿命或在不利操作条件下显著提高收集效率。 空气净化装置及其辅助设备的使用在原子能、高放射性和低放射性核废料的处理以及裂变材料的生产中占有重要地位。毫不夸张地说，如果没有这些或同等的空气和气体净化装置，和平利用核能是不可能的。单位:I-PCITION:研讨会，ASHRAE交易，1986年，第92卷，pt。1B，旧金山

All large-scale uses of radioactive materials require rigid control of off-gases and generated aerosols. Nuclear air and gas cleaning technology has answered the need from the days of the Manhattan Project to the present with a variety of devices. The one with the longest and most noteworthy service is the HEPA (high efficiency particulate air) filter that originally was referred to as an "absolute filter" in recognition of its extraordinary particle retention characteristics. Activated-charcoal adsorbers have been employed worldwide for retention of volatile radioiodine in molecular and combined forms and, less frequently, for retention of radioactive noble gases. HEPA filters and activated-charcoal adsorbers are often used with auxiliary devices that serve to extend their effective service life or significantly improve collection efficiency under unfavorable operating conditions. Use of both air cleaning devices and their auxiliaries figure prominently in atomic energy, disposal of high- and low-level nuclear wastes, and in the production of fissile materials. It is no exaggeration to affirm that the peaceful uses of nuclear energy would be impossible without these, or equivalent, air- and gas-cleaning devices.Units: I-P