据估计，1990年美国工业的培训费用为数十亿美元。本文概述了关键的制造管理策略，包括工业培训计划的系统开发、实施、评估和管理。制造企业越来越意识到有效的人员培训对实现企业收入目标的重要性。采用尖端技术的制造系统的多样性需要一支精通自动化、计算机辅助制造和设计、柔性制造系统、计算机辅助规划和调度、统计过程控制和质量控制等概念的劳动力。而在这些运营系统中，健全的运营管理不再被视为先进的、最后的项目。

TRAINING COSTS IN AMERICAN INDUSTRY FOR 1990 ARE BEING ESTIMATED AT SEVERAL BILLION DOLLARS. THIS PAPER OUTLINES CRITICAL MANUFACTURING MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES INVOLVING THE SYSTEMATIC DEVELOPMENT, IMPLEMENTATION, EVALUATION, AND MANAGEMENT OF INDUSTRIAL TRAINING PROGRAMS. MANUFACTURING COMPANIES ARE BECOMING INCREASINGLY AWARE OF THE IMPORTANCE OF EFFECTIVE PERSONNEL TRAINING TO THE REALIZATION OF CORPORATE REVENUE GOALS. THE DIVERSITY OF MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS INCORPORATING SOPHISTICATED TECHNOLOGY REQUIRES A WORKFORCE SKILLED IN SUCH CONCEPTS AS AUTOMATION, COMPUTER-ASSISTED MANUFACTURING AND DESIGN, FLEXIBLE MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS, COMPUTER-MEDIATED PLANNING AND SCHEDULING, STATISTICAL PROCESS CONTROL, AND QUALITY CONTROL. SOUND TRAINING IN THE OPERATIONS, MAINTENANCE, AND MANAGEMENT OF THESE SYSTEMS IS NO LONGER CONSIDERED A LAST-IN, FIRST-OUT ITEM IN THE OPERATING BUDGET.