本文讨论了两种预测给水过滤特性的方法 用给定的膜在死端超滤中的应用。第一种方法旨在 确定不可逆性的临界流量；流量低于该流量时，污垢会在 过滤通过反洗完全去除。膜过滤的临界通量和过滤行为 总的来说，溶液中电解质的存在会强烈影响反应。第二个 该方法是流场分离（flow FFF）与多角度光散射耦合。研究表明 该流FFF可用于确定颗粒- 膜相互作用与颗粒大小 以及复杂模型溶液的摩尔质量分布。使用流动FFF的结果 解释海藻酸钠临界通量法的过滤结果 在有盐和没有盐的情况下。包括8个参考文献、图表。

This paper discusses two methods for predicting filtration characteristics of a given feedwater with a given membrane in the application of dead-end ultrafiltration. The first method aims to determine the critical flux for irreversibility; the flux below which fouling built up during filtration is completely removed by backwashing. The critical flux and filtration behavior in general, were strongly influenced by the presence of an electrolyte in the solution. The second method is flow field-flow fractionation (flow FFF) coupled with multi-angle light scattering. The study demonstrates that flow FFF can be used to determine particle-membrane interactions and particle size and molar mass distributions of a complex, model solution. The results of flow FFF were used to explain the filtration results obtained with the critical flux method for the sodium alginate in the presence and absence of salt. Includes 8 references, figures.