在其他加压的饮用水中产生瞬时低压和负压 供水分配系统为受污染的水进入城市创造了机会 来自外部环境的配电系统。本文记录了 由于各种系统故障，配电系统中出现瞬时低压和负压 功能和操作。观察到15次浪涌事件，导致负压， 其中大部分是由于一个泵站的所有泵因故障而突然关闭造成的 非故意（例如停电）或故意（例如停泵/启动测试） 情况。停泵时会产生较小但仍相当大的浪涌 其他泵仍在运行，以及其他运行事件，如冲洗、消防栓使用、， 主要休息时间。包括11个参考文献、表格、图表。

The production of transient low and negative pressures in otherwise pressurized potable water supply distribution systems creates the opportunity for contaminated water to enter the distribution system from external environments. This paper documents the occurrence of transient low and negative pressures in distribution systems as a result of a variety of system features and operations. Fifteen surge events were observed that resulted in a negative pressure, and most of these were caused by the sudden shutdown of all of the pumps at a pump station due to either unintentional (e.g., power outages) or intentional (e.g., pump stoppage/startup tests) circumstances. Smaller but still substantial surges were produced by shutdown of pumps while other pumps remained running, and by other operational events such as flushing, hydrant use, and main breaks. Includes 11 references, tables, figures.