1.1 本指南旨在总结用于制造航空航天塑料透明外壳的单个材料和复合材料的标准试验方法。因此，它特别包括透明热塑性塑料、透明弹性体和增强塑料，无论是热塑性还是热固性。 1.2 本指南旨在帮助寻找与航空航天塑料透明外壳相关的测试方法。应理解，列出的所有方法可能不适用于所有外壳。 1.3 包括的标准是指表中列出的财产或方面 1.财产或方面按字母顺序列出，使用的描述旨在方便搜索。 1.4 本标准并不旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前建立适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《国际标准、指南和建议制定原则决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 =====意义和用途====== 3.1 本指南适用于材料供应商、飞机透明外壳制造商、空气框架制造商、政府机构以及其他可能参与透明组件测试的人员。这些试验方法提供了由整体塑料、涂层整体塑料或包含塑料的层压结构组成的航空航天透明外壳制造中常用的单个材料和材料组合的数据。 3.2 主要财产及其长期稳定性对航空航天透明外壳的性能至关重要。 性能测量测试将这些材料的财产定义为制造材料。老化程序规定零件或代表性截面暴露于环境中，环境会导致性能测量测试中确定的材料财产发生变化。老化暴露前后进行的性能测量试验提供了一种估算透明材料潜在使用寿命或比较一种材料与另一种材料耐久性的方法。 3.3 当使用这些测试方法比较材料的风化效果时，用户应意识到影响风化退化的许多因素因地点而异。 对于直接风化比较，所有材料应同时进行暴露条件和性能测量测试。 3.4 所列测试方法包括对飞机透明外壳性能至关重要的测试方法。必要时，还应采用其他测试方法评估材料。其他测试方法正在准备中，并将纳入其中。建议用户使用任何测试方法的最新版本。 3.5 所有透明外壳的主要部件是一个或多个刚性透明板。 在提供结构完整性和保护飞机内部免受特定飞机设计要求的外部环境影响的同时，板材必须允许必要的可见性。 3.6 在其最简单的形式中，刚性透明板可能是透明外壳的唯一组件。 3.7 当使用一个以上的刚性透明片材时，这些片材以受控的厚度层叠，或者具有气隙，或者具有称为夹层的透明粘合剂。 3.8 透明外壳设计通常使用多个刚性透明板，以利用不同材料的特定财产。 在这种情况下，其中一个表需要功能，但另一个表不需要。 3.9 所列测试方法、实践和指南是适用于塑料透明外壳的可用测试方法的总结。它们以这种格式呈现，以简化搜索，并使用户能够确定是否有适用于其需求的方法可用。

1.1 This guide is intended to summarize the standard test methods available on individual and composite materials utilized in fabrication of aerospace plastic transparent enclosures. As such, it is intended to specifically include transparent thermoplastics, transparent elastomers, and reinforced plastics, whether thermoplastic or thermosetting. 1.2 This guide is intended as an aid in the search for test methods pertinent to Aerospace Plastic Transparent Enclosures. It should be understood that all methods listed may not apply to all enclosures. 1.3 The standards included refer to the properties or aspects listed in Table 1. The properties or aspects are listed in alphabetical order and the descriptions used are intended to facilitate the search. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 3.1 This guide is intended for use by material suppliers, aircraft transparent enclosure fabricators, air-frame manufacturers, government agencies, and others that may become involved in the testing of transparency components. These test methods provide data on both individual materials and material combinations commonly utilized in the fabrications of aerospace transparent enclosures comprised of monolithic plastic, coated monolithic plastic or laminated constructions containing plastics. 3.2 Primary properties and their long term stability are critical to the performance of aerospace transparent enclosures. Property measurement tests define as-manufactured material properties of these materials. Aging procedures provide for exposure of parts or representative sections to environments that induce changes in material properties as determined in property measurement tests. Property measurement tests performed before and after aging exposure provide a means of estimating the potential usable life span of a transparency or to compare the durability of one material with another. 3.3 When employing these test methods for comparison of materials for weathering effects the user should be aware that the many factors influencing degradation due to weathering vary from one location to another. For direct weathering comparisons, all material(s) shall undergo exposure conditions and property measurements testing at the same time. 3.4 The test methods listed include those considered critical to the performance of aircraft transparent enclosures. Other test methods to evaluate materials shall also be performed where necessary. Additional test methods are in preparation and will be incorporated. The user is advised to employ the latest revision of any test method. 3.5 The dominant component of all transparent enclosures is one, or more, rigid transparent sheet(s). The sheet(s) must permit the necessary visibility while providing structural integrity and protecting the aircraft interior from external environments as required by the specific aircraft design. 3.6 In its most simple form, the rigid transparent sheet may be the only component of a transparent enclosure. 3.7 When more than one rigid transparent sheet is employed, the sheets are laminated with a controlled thickness with either an air gap or with a transparent adhesive known as an interlayer. 3.8 Transparent enclosure designs often use multiple rigid transparent sheets to take advantage of specific properties of different materials. In this instance, there will be functions required of one of the sheets but not the other. 3.9 The test methods, practices and guides listed are a summary of the available test methods applicable to plastic transparent enclosures. They are presented in this format to simplify the search and to enable the user to determine if a method applicable to his requirements is available.