近年来，德克萨斯州和宾夕法尼亚州都提出了一个担忧，即将公共饮用水供应用作散热器或热源，并通过获得专利的水源热泵系统（如Demarco Energy Miser）将“用过的”水返回饮用水系统。本文描述了这一过程。

A concern has been brought forward in both Texas and Pennsylvania during recent years about the use of the public drinking water supply as a heat sink or a heat source and returning that "used" water to the drinking water system through a patented water source heat pump system, such as the Demarco Energy Miser. This paper describes the process.