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Potential Water Quality Impacts of Geological Carbon Sequestration 地质碳汇对水质的潜在影响
发布日期: 2009-11-01
商业规模的地质碳封存(GCS)项目目前正被认真考虑作为 减少二氧化碳排放以帮助缓解气候变化的方法。在地面军事系统中,大型 大量超临界二氧化碳将主要注入深层盐层(TDS) 大于或等于10000 mg/L),其中CO2将被控制数十年至数百年。虽然CO2注射 区域将与地下饮用水源(USDW或TDS水源)隔开 <10000 mg/L)且地面军事系统的设计将最大限度地降低CO2泄漏的风险,因此 在项目生命周期(几十年)内,部分储存的CO2可能泄漏到USDW中。 这个 潜在的CO2泄漏途径包括: 限制层中的间隙; 断层和断裂带; 废弃的井; 通过限制层或注入井套管缓慢扩散;和 注入区水通过长距离向下梯度流向其他地下含水层 运输 GCS注入井的拟议法规预计将解决这些潜在的泄漏途径 通过现场评估、监测和缓解措施。然而,重要的是要理解 地下水供应中CO2水平的潜在增加如何影响其水质和水质 有益的用途。仅包括扩展摘要。
Commercial-scale geological carbon sequestering (GCS) projects are now being seriously considered as a means of reducing carbon dioxide emissions to help mitigate climate change. In GCS systems, large amounts of super-critical carbon dioxide would be injected primarily into deep saline formations (TDS greater than or equal to 10,000 mg/L) where the CO2 would be contained for decades to centuries. Although the CO2 injection zones will be separated from underground sources of drinking water (USDW or sources with TDS <10,000 mg/L) and the GCS systems will be designed to minimize the risk of CO2 leakage, there is the potential for some of the stored CO2 to leak into USDWs over the project lifetime (several decades). The potential CO2 leakage routes include the following: gaps in the confining layer; fault and fracture zones; abandoned wells; slow diffusion through confining layers or through injection well casings; and, down-gradient flow of inject zone water to other groundwater aquifers through long distance transport. The proposed regulations for GCS injection wells are expected to address these potential leakage routes through site assessments, monitoring, and mitigation measures. Nevertheless, it is important to understand how potential increased levels of CO2 in groundwater supplies could affect their water quality and beneficial uses. Includes extended abstract only.
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发布单位或类别: 美国-美国给水工程协会
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