评估饮用水中化学污染物风险的一般方法包括三个步骤:危险识别、暴露评估和剂量反应评估。传统上，不同水平的化学品对人类的风险来自于在动物身上观察到的毒性反应。然而，越来越清楚的是，如果要准确评估人类面临的风险，就需要进一步的信息。基于生物学的模型有助于阐明剂量- 响应关系，减少不确定性。包括11篇参考文献。

The general approach to assessment of risk from chemical contaminants in drinking water involves three steps: hazard identification, exposure assessment, and dose-response assessment. Traditionally, the risks to humans associated with different levels of a chemical have been derived from the toxic responses observed in animals. It is becoming increasingly clear, however, that further information is needed if risks to humans are to be assessed accurately. Biologically based models help clarify the dose-response relationship and reduce uncertainty. Includes 11 references.