在管理良好的水务设施中，复杂的非收入水（NRW）削减计划之间的差距 世界上许多水务公司（尤其是发展中国家的水务公司）的情况正在以惊人的速度扩大 快节奏。在过去的十年里，一套全面的分析工具、减少水流失的战略和专门的 设备已经开发出来。国际水协会（IWA）运行和维护专家组的总体工作，以及 特别是失水特别工作组，已经制定了一套非常适合评估失水情况的绩效指标 并量化NRW的组成部分。 本文概述了减少NRW的基本策略，旨在激励公用事业经理制定标准 水平衡，计算NRW的水平，量化其成分，并确定主要问题区域。 本文的第一部分涉及调查和评估非收入水成分所需的任务 （NRW）。这是了解网络状况和运行方式的诊断方法中必要的第一步 以及作用于其上的约束。 论文的第二部分讨论了解决这些约束和开发一个 减少NRW的策略是切实可行的，可以实现的，并且可以适用于任何配电网 世界上任何地方。包括8个参考文献、表格、图表。

The gap between the sophisticated Non-Revenue Water (NRW) reduction programs in well managed water utilities and the situation in many of the world's water utilities (and especially in utilities in developing countries) is widening at a fast pace. In the last decade a comprehensive set of analytical tools, water loss reduction strategies and specialized equipment has been developed. The work of the International Water Association (IWA) Operation and Maintenance Specialist Group in general, and its Water Loss Task Force in particular, has led to a set of performance indicators ideally suited to assess the water loss situation and to quantify the components of NRW. This paper outlines a basic NRW reduction strategy and is intended to motivate utility managers to establish a standard water balance, calculate the level of NRW, quantify its components and identify main problem areas. Part one of this paper deals with the tasks required to investigate and assess the components of non-revenue water (NRW). This is a necessary first step in a diagnostic approach to understanding the condition of the network, the way it is operated, and the constraints acting upon it. The second part of the paper deals with the tasks and tools required to address the constraints, and to develop a strategy to reduce NRW which is practicable and achievable, and which can be adapted for any distribution network anywhere in the world. Includes 8 references, tables, figures.