本文介绍了加强管内湍流传热的插入件的初步热工水力和流动可视化研究，特别是在火管锅炉上的应用。使用电加热气流设备将热空气输送至内径为2.675 in（0.0679 m）、长度为71.75 in（1.823 m）的水冷钢管。测量管壁温度、流体体积温度和流速，得出四段管的截面平均传热系数。空管的参考数据与通常的相关性非常一致。 测试了一种弯曲带材插入件的七种不同几何变化。在雷诺数为10000时，传热系数增加175%至285%；相应的摩擦系数增加了400%到1800%。给出了这些数据的初步相关性。使用两种流动可视化方法来研究这种插入物产生的流动模式。染料注入（用水）和油/灯黑（空气）技术都提供了增强机制的见解。 单位:双引文:研讨会，ASHRAE交易，1986年，第92卷，pt。1B，旧金山

This paper describes the initial thermal-hydraulic and flow visualization studies of inserts to enhance turbulent heat transfer in tubes, with particular application to fire-tube boilers. An electrically heated flow facility was used to deliver hot air to a water-cooled steel tube of 2.675 in (0.0679 m) i.d. and 71.75 in (1.823 m) length. Tube wall temperatures, fluid bulk temperatures, and flow rates were measured to derive sectional average heat transfer coefficients for four segments of the tube. Reference data for the empty tube are in excellent agreement with the usual correlations. Seven different geometrical variations of one type of bent-strip insert were tested. Heat transfer coefficient increases of 175% to 285% were recorded at a Reynolds number of 10,000; the respective friction factor increases were 400% to 1800%. A preliminary correlation of these data is given.Two methods of flow visualization were used to study the flow patterns created by this type of insert. Both the dye injection (with water) and the oil/lamp-black (with air) techniques provided insight into the mechanisms of enhancement.Units: Dual