1.1 该试验方法通常称为约翰迪尔空化试验。 2. 该测试方法定义了重型柴油发动机，以评估与气穴引起的缸套点蚀相关的冷却液保护。 1.2 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准。括号中给出的值仅供参考。唯一的例外是没有直接SI等效物，如螺纹、国家管道螺纹/直径和管道尺寸。 1.3 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全和健康实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 看见 附件A1 一般安全预防措施。 1.4 目录: 范围 1. 参考文件 2. 术语 3. 试验方法总结 4. 意义和用途 5. 仪器 6. 测试发动机配置 6.1 测试发动机 6.1.1 试验台配置 6.2 发动机支座 6.2.1 进气系统 6.2.2 后冷器 6.2.3 排气系统 6.2.4 燃油系统 6.2.5 冷却液系统 6.2.6 机油系统 6.2.7 油量 6.2.7.1 加压注油系统 6.2.7.2 外部油系统 6.2.7.3 油样阀位置 6.2.7.4 不合格的油系统材料 6.2.7.5 曲轴箱吸气 6.3 窜气率 6.4 系统时间响应 6.5 间隙测量 6.6 发动机和清洗液 7. 发动机机油 7.1 试验燃料 7.2 测试冷却剂 7.3 溶剂 7.4 仪器的准备 8. 零件的清洁 8.1 全体的 8.1.1 发动机缸体 8.1.2 气缸盖 8.1.3 摇臂盖和油底壳 8.1.4 外部油系统 8.1.5 连杆轴承清洁和测量 8.1.6 环的清洁和测量 8.1.7 喷油器喷嘴 8.1.8 活塞 8.1.9 发动机总成 8.2 全体的 8.2.1 零件重复使用和更换 8.2.2 积聚机油 8.2.3 冷却液恒温器 8.2.4 喷油器 8.2.5 新零件 8.2.6 操作测量 8.3 单位和格式 8.3.1 仪器校准 8.3.2 燃油消耗率测量校准 8.3.2.1 温度测量校准 8.3.2.2 压力测量校准 8.3.2.3 温度 8.3.3 测量位置 8.3.3.1 冷却液出口温度 8.3.3.2 冷却液温度 8.3.3.3 燃油输入温度 8.3.3.4 油道温度 8.3.3.5 进气温度 8.3.3.6 压缩机后进气温度 8.3.3.7 进气歧管温度 8.3.3.8 排气温度 8.3.3.9 涡轮后排气温度 8.3.3.10 附加温度 8.3.3.11 压力 8.3.4 测量位置和设备 8.3.4.1 冷凝存水弯 8.3.4.2 冷却液压力 8.3.4.3 燃油压力 8.3.4.4 油道压力 8.3.4.5 进气压力 8.3.4.6 压缩机后的进气压力 8.3.4.7 进气歧管压力 8.3.4.8 涡轮增压后排气 8.3.4.9 曲轴箱压力 8.3.4.10 附加压力 8.3.4.11 流速 8.3.5 流量定位和测量设备 8.3.5.1 漏气 8.3.5.2 燃油流量 8.3.5.3 发动机/支架校准和非参考冷却液 测验 9 全体的 9.1 新试验台 9.2 新试验台校准 9.2.1 支架校准周期 9.3 支架修改和校准状态 9.4 测试编号系统 9.5 全体的 9.5.1 参考冷却剂测试 9.5.2 非参考冷却剂测试 9.5.3 参考冷却剂测试验收 9.6 参考冷却剂责任 9.7 上次开始日期 9.8 捐赠的参考冷却剂测试程序 9.9 参考冷却液校准周期的调整 9.10 程序开发 9.10.1 零件和燃料短缺 9.10.2 参考冷却剂测试数据流 9.10.3 参考冷却剂校准系统的特殊用途 9.10.4 程序 10 发动机安装和支架连接 10.1 闯入 10.2 磨合冷却液系统加注 10.2.1 磨合加油 10.2.2 已提交引擎生成 10 2.3 磨合条件 10.2.4 磨合期间停机 10.2.5 250小时试验程序 10.3 测试用冷却液系统加注 10.3.1 零小时冷却液样本 10.3.1.1 试验加油 10.3.2 零小时油样 10.3.2.1 热身 10.3.3 预热条件 10.3.3.1 预热期间停机 10.3.3.2 20小时稳态延长磨合 10.3.4 20小时稳态延长磨合条件 10.3.4.1 20小时长磨合期间停机 10.3.4.2 230小时循环 10.4 230小时循环条件 10.4.1 230小时循环期间停机 10.4.2 停机和维护 10.5 正常关机 10.5.1 紧急停机 10.5.2 维修 10.5.3 停工期 10.5.4 操作条件 10.6 阶段过渡时间 10.6.1 测试计时器 10.6.2 操作数据采集 10.6.3 操作数据报告 10.6.4 冷却液取样 10.6.5 油取样 10.6.6 测试结束（EOT） 10.7 关机 10.7.1 排油口 10.7.2 冷却液排放 10.7.3 发动机拆解 10.7.4 计算、额定值和测试有效性 11 衬里坑数 11.1 冷却剂分析 11.2 机油分析 11.3 操作有效性评估 11.4 汇报 12 报告表格 12.1 参考冷却剂测试 12.2 测试结果的电子传输 12.3 精度和偏差 13 精确 13.1 中间精度条件 13.1.1 中间精度极限 13.1.2 再现性条件 13.2 再现性极限 13.2.1 偏见 13.3 关键词 14 附件 安全注意事项 附件A1 进气后冷器 附件A2 发动机制造零件套件 附件A3 传感器位置、特殊硬件和发动机缸体 修改 附件A4 燃料规格 附件A5 约翰迪尔服务出版物 附录A6 指定的单位和格式 附件A7 报表和数据字典 附录A8 冷却剂分析 附录A9 机油分析 附件A10 操作有效性的确定 附录A11 典型系统配置 附录X1 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 开发本试验方法是为了评估重型柴油发动机冷却液对缸套气穴腐蚀现象造成的损坏提供保护的能力。 5.2 当本试验方法的所有细节均符合要求时，本试验方法可用于发动机冷却液规格验收。 5.3 本试验方法中使用的发动机设计为OEM生产柴油发动机，经过改装，以持续产生加速缸套气蚀损坏的工作条件。 外推试验结果时，需要考虑该因素以及加速运行条件。

1.1 This test method is commonly referred to as the John Deere Cavitation Test. 2 The test method defines a heavy-duty diesel engine to evaluate coolant protection as related to cylinder liner pitting caused by cavitation. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. The only exception is where there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, and tubing sizes. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Annex A1 for general safety precautions. 1.4 Table of Contents: Scope 1 Referenced Documents 2 Terminology 3 Summary of Test Method 4 Significance and Use 5 Apparatus 6 Test Engine Configuration 6.1 Test Engine 6.1.1 Test Stand Configuration 6.2 Engine Mounting 6.2.1 Intake Air System 6.2.2 Aftercooler 6.2.3 Exhaust System 6.2.4 Fuel System 6.2.5 Coolant System 6.2.6 Oil System 6.2.7 Oil Volume 6.2.7.1 Pressurized Oil Fill System 6.2.7.2 External Oil System 6.2.7.3 Oil Sample Valve Location 6.2.7.4 Unacceptable Oil System Materials 6.2.7.5 Crankcase Aspiration 6.3 Blowby Rate 6.4 System Time Responses 6.5 Clearance Measurements 6.6 Engine and Cleaning Fluids 7 Engine Oil 7.1 Test Fuel 7.2 Test Coolant 7.3 Solvent 7.4 Preparation of Apparatus 8 Cleaning of Parts 8.1 General 8.1.1 Engine Block 8.1.2 Cylinder Head 8.1.3 Rocker Cover and Oil Pan 8.1.4 External Oil System 8.1.5 Rod Bearing Cleaning and Measurement 8.1.6 Ring Cleaning and Measurement 8.1.7 Injector Nozzle 8.1.8 Pistons 8.1.9 Engine Assembly 8.2 General 8.2.1 Parts Reuse and Replacement 8.2.2 Build-Up Oil 8.2.3 Coolant Thermostat 8.2.4 Fuel Injectors 8.2.5 New Parts 8.2.6 Operational Measurements 8.3 Units and Formats 8.3.1 Instrumentation Calibration 8.3.2 Fuel Consumption Rate Measurement Calibration 8.3.2.1 Temperature Measurement Calibration 8.3.2.2 Pressure Measurement Calibration 8.3.2.3 Temperatures 8.3.3 Measurement Location 8.3.3.1 Coolant Out Temperature 8.3.3.2 Coolant In Temperature 8.3.3.3 Fuel In Temperature 8.3.3.4 Oil Gallery Temperature 8.3.3.5 Intake Air Temperature 8.3.3.6 Intake Air after Compressor Temperature 8.3.3.7 Intake Manifold Temperature 8.3.3.8 Exhaust Temperature 8.3.3.9 Exhaust after Turbo Temperature 8.3.3.10 Additional Temperatures 8.3.3.11 Pressures 8.3.4 Measurement Location and Equipment 8.3.4.1 Condensation Trap 8.3.4.2 Coolant Pressure 8.3.4.3 Fuel Pressure 8.3.4.4 Oil Gallery Pressure 8.3.4.5 Intake Air Pressure 8.3.4.6 Intake Air after Compressor Pressure 8.3.4.7 Intake Manifold Pressure 8.3.4.8 Exhaust after Turbo Pressure 8.3.4.9 Crankcase Pressure 8.3.4.10 Additional Pressures 8.3.4.11 Flow Rates 8.3.5 Flow Rate Location and Measurement Equipment 8.3.5.1 Blowby 8.3.5.2 Fuel Flow 8.3.5.3 Engine/Stand Calibration and Non-Reference Coolant Tests 9 General 9.1 New Test Stand 9.2 New Test Stand Calibration 9.2.1 Stand Calibration Period 9.3 Stand Modification and Calibration Status 9.4 Test Numbering System 9.5 General 9.5.1 Reference Coolant Tests 9.5.2 Non-Reference Coolant Tests 9.5.3 Reference Coolant Test Acceptance 9.6 Reference Coolant Accountability 9.7 Last Start Date 9.8 Donated Reference Coolant Test Programs 9.9 Adjustments to Reference Coolant Calibration Periods 9.10 Procedure Development 9.10.1 Parts and Fuel Shortages 9.10.2 Reference Coolant Test Data Flow 9.10.3 Special Use of The Reference Coolant Calibration System 9.10.4 Procedure 10 Engine Installation and Stand Connections 10.1 Break-in 10.2 Coolant System Fill for Break-in 10.2.1 Oil Fill for Break-in 10.2.2 Engine Build Committed 10.2.3 Break-in Conditions 10.2.4 Shutdown during Break-in 10.2.5 250-Hour Test Procedure 10.3 Coolant System Fill for Test 10.3.1 Zero-Hour Coolant Sample 10.3.1.1 Oil Fill for Test 10.3.2 Zero-Hour Oil Sample 10.3.2.1 Warm-Up 10.3.3 Warm-up Conditions 10.3.3.1 Shutdown during Warm-up 10.3.3.2 20-Hour Steady State Extended Break-in 10.3.4 20-Hour Steady State Extended Break-in Conditions 10.3.4.1 Shutdown during 20-Hour Extended Break-in 10.3.4.2 230-Hour Cyclic 10.4 230-Hour Cyclic Conditions 10.4.1 Shutdown during 230-Hour Cyclic 10.4.2 Shutdown and Maintenance 10.5 Normal Shutdown 10.5.1 Emergency Shutdown 10.5.2 Maintenance 10.5.3 Downtime 10.5.4 Operating conditions 10.6 Stage Transition Times 10.6.1 Test Timer 10.6.2 Operational Data Acquisition 10.6.3 Operational Data Reporting 10.6.4 Coolant Sampling 10.6.5 Oil Sampling 10.6.6 End of Test (EOT) 10.7 Shutdown 10.7.1 Oil Drain 10.7.2 Coolant Drain 10.7.3 Engine Disassembly 10.7.4 Calculations, Ratings and Test Validity 11 Liner Pit Count 11.1 Coolant Analysis 11.2 Oil Analyses 11.3 Assessment of Operational Validity 11.4 Report 12 Report Forms 12.1 Reference Coolant Test 12.2 Electronic Transmission of Test Results 12.3 Precision and Bias 13 Precision 13.1 Intermediate Precision Conditions 13.1.1 Intermediate Precision Limit 13.1.2 Reproducibility Conditions 13.2 Reproducibility Limit 13.2.1 Bias 13.3 Keywords 14 Annexes Safety Precautions Annex A1 Intake Air Aftercooler Annex A2 Engine Build Parts Kit Annex A3 Sensor Locations, Special Hardware, and Engine Block Modifications Annex A4 Fuel Specifications Annex A5 John Deere Service Publications Annex A6 Specified Units and Formats Annex A7 Report Forms and Data Dictionary Annex A8 Coolant Analysis Annex A9 Oil Analysis Annex A10 Determination of Operational Validity Annex A11 Typical System Configurations Appendix X1 ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 This test method was developed to evaluate the ability of a heavy-duty diesel engine coolant to provide protection against damage resulting from a phenomenon known as cylinder liner cavitation corrosion. 5.2 This test method may be used for engine coolant specification acceptance when all details of this test method are in compliance. 5.3 The design of the engine used in this test method is a production OEM diesel engine modified to consistently produce the operating conditions that accelerate damage from cylinder liner cavitation. This factor, along with the accelerated operating conditions needs to be considered when extrapolating test results.