本研究的目的是发展对微量元素排斥的机械理解 有机化合物通过高压膜，基于一个完整的化合物框架 特性、膜特性和操作条件。高压膜， 包括反渗透（RO）、低压反渗透（LPRO）和纳滤（NF）可以提供 对有代表性的微量有机化合物是一种有效的处理屏障。大约五个反渗透膜（如LE-440、XLE-440）和大约两个NF膜（如NF- 90），由几家公司提供，根据纯水进行了表征 渗透性（PWP）、分子量截止值（MWCO）、疏水性（接触角）和表面粗糙度 电荷（zeta电位）。在实验室规模的实验中，用纯水测定溶质截留率 （Milli-Q）以及pH值和离子强度经过调整的合成给水。 搅拌池试验作为动态吸附试验进行，并对结果进行比较 通过静态（等温线）吸附试验来描述溶质在膜中的分配。这个 用平板试样进行实验室规模横流试验的实验方法包括确定 合成水在Jo/k比率和/或回收率范围内的拒收。值得注意的是 观察到候选膜对中等疏水性化合物的排斥作用 低于这些膜的盐截留率，表明这些溶质的运输 溶质与膜之间的相互作用有助于通过这些膜。扩散池测量 使用实际的膜样本来确定“阻碍”或“促进” 扩散系数，与水中溶质扩散系数相比，它描述了受阻 或促进溶质通过膜的运输。 从横流和扩散池试验中获得的数据将用作制定试验方案的基础 溶质迁移模型，描述对流与扩散的迁移。除此之外 氢键和膜污染的影响正在进一步探索中。到目前为止，该研究观察到（带负电的）化合物比中性化合物更容易被排斥，并且 与极性化合物相比，非极性化合物的截留率更高。 包括22个参考文献、表格和图表。

The objective of this study was to develop a mechanistic understanding of the rejection of trace organic compounds by high-pressure membranes, based on an integrated framework of compound properties, membrane properties, and operational conditions. High-pressure membranes, encompassing reverse osmosis (RO), low-pressure RO (LPRO), and nanofiltration (NF), may provide an effective treatment barrier for representative trace organic compounds. About five RO membranes (e.g., LE-440, XLE-440) and about two NF membrane (e.g., NF- 90), provided by several companies, were characterized according to pure water permeability (PWP), molecular weight cutoff (MWCO), hydrophobicity (contact angle), and surface charge (zeta potential). In bench-scale experiments, solute rejections were determined with pure water (Milli-Q) as well as synthetic feed-waters with adjusted pH and ionic strength. Stirred cell tests were performed as dynamic adsorption tests, with results compared against static (isotherm) adsorption tests to describe solute partitioning into the membrane. The experimental approach of bench-scale cross-flow tests with flat-sheet specimens involves determining rejections from synthetic waters over a range of Jo/k ratios and/or recoveries. It is noteworthy that rejections of compounds of intermediate hydrophobicity by candidate membranes were observed to be less than salt rejections reported for these membranes, suggesting that transport of these solutes through these membranes is facilitated by solute-membrane interactions. Diffusion cell measurements were performed using actual membrane specimens to determine "hindered" or "facilitated" diffusion coefficients that, when compared to solute diffusion coefficients in water, describe hindered or facilitated solute transport through a membrane. Data derived from cross-flow and diffusion cell tests will be used as a basis in formulating a solute transport model, delineating transport by convection versus diffusion. In addition, the role of hydrogen bonding and the influence of membrane fouling are being further explored. To date, the study observed greater rejection of (negatively) charged compounds than neutral compounds, and greater rejection of non-polar than polar compounds. Includes 22 references, tables, figures.