对装有扩散器、装有热水或冷水的热分层立式圆筒形水箱进行了研究。除了热性能测量外，还使用流动可视化技术在缩尺模型水箱中进行了带有径向扩散器的初始试验。随后，对35300 gal（133 m3）浇筑混凝土原型水箱进行了热性能测试，该水箱交替配备了径向扩散器和八角形线性扩散器阵列。数据和结果表明，装有扩散器的储罐能够产生两个或两个以下的入口弗劳德数，并且性能良好。缩尺模型和原型水池试验均表明，随着入口雷诺数的减少，在温跃层形成期间，入口扩散器附近的混合显著减少；但只有原型坦克的结果在这方面是明确的。缩尺模型水池试验还表明，为了获得良好的水池性能，通向径向进口扩散器的供水管中的速度分布应为轴对称。 在进水温度低于39℃的缩尺模型水箱上进行试验。2°F（4°C）表明，如果进水温度降至该值以下，则需要物理屏障来保持良好的分层。本文讨论了在缩尺模型水池上进行的试验以及从这些试验中获得的结果。第二部分同样适用于原型坦克。引文:研讨会，ASHRAE交易，第95卷，pt。1989年，芝加哥

An investigation was performed of thermally stratified vertical cylindrical tanks equipped with diffusers and containing either heated or chilled water. Initial tests with a radial diffuser were performed in a scale model tank using flow visualization in addition to measurements of thermal performance. These were followed by thermal performance tests on a prototype 35,300 gal (133 m3) poured concrete tank that was alternately equipped with radial diffusers and an octagonal array of linear diffusers. The data and results demonstrate that tanks equipped with diffusers that produce an inlet Froude number of two or less stratify and perform satisfactorily. Both the scale model and prototype tank tests showed that mixing near the inlet diffuser during thermocline formation decreased significantly as the inlet Reynolds number was reduced; but only the results from the prototype tank were unambiguous in this regard. The scale model tank tests also showed that the velocity distribution in the supply pipe leading to a radial inlet diffuser should be axially symmetric to obtain good tank performance. A test on the scale model tank with inlet water temperature below 39. 2°F (4°C) demonstrated that a physical barrier would be required to maintain good stratification if the inlet water temperature dropped below this value. This paper discusses the tests performed on the scale model tank and the results obtained from these tests. Part II does the same for the prototype tank.