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Energy Performance of Automated Dynamic Interior Venetian Blinds in Commercial Buildings 商业建筑自动动态室内百叶窗的节能性能
美国建筑供暖和制冷每年需要4.3个四开窗,其中2.6个四开窗来自商业建筑。因此,这些建筑可以受益于窗系统,该系统进一步注重最大限度地提高能源效率和改善采光,同时保持居住者的热舒适性和视觉舒适性。电动、自动化的室内百叶窗在一个全尺寸的商业建筑实验室进行了测试,目的是改善视觉和热舒适性以及能源效率之间的平衡。 遮阳设备使用多步定制算法进行控制,该算法使用来自内部照度传感器的反馈,自动调整百叶窗板条的角度,并使用可调光控件调整照明水平。两个相同的平行试验室用于采光、视觉舒适性和节能评估,包括一个没有遮光装置的基准试验室,另一个配有自动内部百叶窗和可调光照明。使用每个房间三个位置的工作平面照度值测量采光性能; 通过使用简化的眩光能量表来评估视觉舒适度。配备自动百叶窗的房间配备商用级遮阳电机和控制器,用于使用现有楼宇自动化系统应用自定义控制算法。2017年3月至9月,在三种不同的天空条件下评估了采光和能源性能。总的来说,控制策略大大减少了照明能耗,减少了约35%- 55%,冷却能量消耗约25%,并在90%的时间内将照明水平保持在眼睛水平。基于测量的节能通过校准模拟得到增强,以计算所安装系统的年度节能潜力。由此产生的性能数据表明,乘员舒适性能量平衡有所改善。他们还证明,适当使用这些遮阳设备可以提高建筑物的节能效果。引用:2018年年度会议,德克萨斯州休斯顿,会议论文
Fenestrations are responsible for 4.3 quads of energy use annually for heating and cooling of U.S. buildings, 2.6 quads of which are from commercial buildings. Thus, these buildings can benefit from fenestration systems that further focus on maximizing energy efficiency and improving daylight harvesting, while maintaining occupant thermal and visual comfort. Motorized, automated interior venetian blinds are tested in a full-scale commercial building laboratory with the goal of improved balance between visual and thermal comfort, and energy efficiency. The shading devices are controlled using multi-step custom algorithms, which use feedback from interior illuminance sensors to automatically adjust both the angle of the venetian blind slats and the lighting levels using dimmable controls. Two identical parallel test rooms were used for daylighting, visual comfort and energy savings evaluation, including one baseline room with no shading device, and the other with automated interior venetian blinds and dimmable lighting. Daylighting performance is measured using work plane illuminance values in three locations in each room; visual comfort is assessed using simplified daylight glare probability and energy savings is determined by comparing sub-metered energy use. The room with automated venetian blind is equipped with commercial grade shading motor and controller for the application of custom control algorithm using the existing Building Automation System. Both daylighting and energy performance are assessed in three different sky conditions between March and September 2017. Overall, the control strategies utilized reduced lighting energy use substantially, by approximately 35 - 55%, cooling energy use by about 25% and maintained lighting levels at eye level within acceptable range 90% of the time. Measurement-based energy savings is augmented with calibrated simulation to calculate annual energy saving potential of the system installed. The resulting performance data indicate improvements in the occupant comfort-energy balance. They also demonstrate that the appropriate use of these shading devices promises increased energy savings in buildings.
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