1.1 本指南涵盖了用于地下水水质调查和监测项目的洗井方法。这些方法可用于其他类型的程序，但本指南中未提及。 1.2 本指南仅适用于井口取样井。 1.3 本标准描述了选择吹扫方法的七种方法（A-G）。 方法A——定容吹扫， 方法B——基于指标参数稳定的吹扫， 方法C——基于目标分析物稳定的净化， 方法D——定容吹扫结合指标参数稳定， 方法E——低流量/低体积（最小流量）吹扫， 方法F——油井排空吹扫，以及 方法G——在吹扫中使用封隔器。 1.4 本指南提供了有组织的信息收集或一系列选项，不建议采取具体行动。 本文件不能取代教育或经验，应与专业判断结合使用。并非本指南的所有方面都适用于所有情况。本ASTM标准并不代表或取代必须判断特定专业服务是否充分的护理标准，也不应在不考虑项目许多独特方面的情况下应用本文件。本指南标题中的“标准”一词仅表示该文件已通过ASTM共识程序批准。 1.5 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ===意义和用途====== 4.1 吹扫的原因多种多样，吹扫方法可能取决于水文地质环境、油井条件或感兴趣的污染物和油井生产率。井的水文条件、井的状况或感兴趣的污染物以及井的生产率。本指南介绍了在进行吹扫时选择适当吹扫方法的方法。 ，高于屏蔽层段或裸眼的水可能无法准确反映周围地下水的化学成分。 注1: 一些采样方法，如被动采样，不需要在采样前进行吹扫 ( 1. ， 2. ) 。 3. 4.2 有多种吹扫方法。每种吹扫方法在含水层或筛选区间内可能具有不同的影响量。因此，通过任何一种方法吹扫后收集的样品不一定等同于通过其他方法吹扫之后收集的样品。适当方法的选择将取决于几个因素，这些因素应在制定采样和分析计划时进行定义。本指南介绍了可用的方法，并定义了每种方法可能适用的情况。

1.1 This guide covers methods for purging wells used for ground water quality investigations and monitoring programs. These methods could be used for other types of programs but are not addressed in this guide. 1.2 This guide applies only to wells sampled at the wellhead. 1.3 This standard describes seven methods (A-G) for the selection of purging methods. Method A—Fixed Volume Purging, Method B—Purging Based on Stabilization of Indicator Parameters, Method C—Purging Based on Stabilization of Target Analytes, Method D—Purging Based on Fixed Volume Combined with Indicator Parameter Stabilization, Method E—Low Flow/Low Volume (Minimal Drawdown) Purging, Method F—Well Evacuation Purging, and Method G—Use of Packers in Purging. 1.4 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this guide means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 Purging is done for a variety of reasons and the purging method may depend on the hydrogeologic setting, condition of the well, or the contaminants of interest and well production rates. well hydrological conditions, condition of the well, or the contaminants of interest, and well production rates. This guide presents an approach for selecting an appropriate purging method if purging is to be performed., Water above the screened interval or open borehole may not accurately reflect ambient ground water chemistry. Note 1: Some sampling methods, such as passive sampling, do not require the practice of purging prior to sample collection ( 1 , 2 ) . 3 4.2 There are various methods for purging. Each purging method may have a different volume of influence within the aquifer or screened interval. Therefore, a sample collected after purging by any one method is not necessarily equivalent to samples collected after purging by the other methods. The selection of the appropriate method will be dependent on several factors, which should be defined during the development of the sampling and analysis plan. This guide describes the methods available and defines the circumstances under which each method may be appropriate.