人们发现，废水和地表水中普遍存在激素和抗生素 低浓度的水。在这项研究中，纳滤（NF）和超滤（UF）是两种 在不同的情况下，选择可能去除低水平这些化合物的新兴技术 水质参数，如pH值和天然有机物（NOM）的存在。自然的 激素17ß-雌二醇（E2）使用NF膜显示出高水平的排斥反应（>75%），但 在操作的初始阶段观察到显著的吸附水平。后续清理 加水表明，吸附的E2很容易解吸，导致膜同时起作用 作为一个汇和源。UF对E2的排斥反应很低，但再次显示出显著的 吸附。E2的截留也因天然有机物污染膜而增强 物质（NOM），在更高渗透通量和更高pH条件下运行。 预备性的 关于抗生素去除的实验结果表明，NF排斥反应是高度pH值 依靠的然而，研究发现，在特定的抗生素上，吸附水平差异很大， 膜密性，以及选定的pH值。包括10个参考文献、表格和图表。

Hormones and antibiotics have been found to be prevalent in wastewaters and surface waters at low concentrations. In this study, nanofiltration (NF) and ultrafiltration (UF) are two selected emerging technologies that may remove low levels of these compounds given varying water quality parameters such as pH and presence of natural organic matter (NOM). The natural hormone 17ß-estradiol (E2) showed high levels of rejection (>75%) using NF membranes but significant levels of adsorption were observed at the initial stages of operation. Subsequent clean water addition indicated that adsorbed E2 could easily desorb, causing the membrane to act both as a sink and source. UF rejection of E2 was low but again showed significant levels of adsorption. Rejection of E2 was also enhanced by fouling of the membrane by natural organic matter (NOM), operation at higher permeate flux, and higher pH conditions. Preliminary experimental results regarding antibiotic removal indicate that NF rejection is highly pH dependent. Levels of adsorption, however, were found to vary widely on the specific antibiotic, membrane tightness, and the selected pH. Includes 10 references, table, figures.