1.1本指南为三种类型的溢油应急人员制定了最低健康和安全培训标准: A. ，负责初始控制和清理的第一响应者；类型 B ，长期海岸线清理人员；和类型 C ，其他与污染接触最少的必要支持人员。 1.2本指南涵盖的油包括轻、中、重质原油以及碳氢化合物产品，如汽油、轻燃料油、馏分油和船用（重质）油。虽然培训计划的某些方面将适用于这些物质，但它并不针对特殊化学品和其他潜在危险材料。 1.3由于其他标准或指南涵盖了一些主题，因此本指南中没有具体论述这些主题。例如动火作业、设备维护和维修、消防、电气危险、紧急医疗、废物处理等。用户应根据需要熟悉这些领域的标准。 1.4 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全和健康实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 ====意义和用途====== 本指南总结了溢油应急人员培训计划中包含的必修课程内容。其目的是协助培训师制定课程，解决漏油应对中特有的健康和安全风险。如果培训是在实际的泄漏紧急情况下进行的，培训师可以根据当前的特殊情况对本指南进行调整，而不是为了排除对监管要求的考虑。

1.1 This guide establishes minimum health and safety training standards for three types of oil spill responders: Type A , first responders who are responsible for initial containment and cleanup; Type B , longer-term shoreline cleanup personnel; and Type C , other necessary support personnel who have minimal contact with the contamination. 1.2 The oil covered by this guide includes light, medium, and heavy crudes, as well as hydrocarbon products, such as gasoline, light fuel oil, distillates, and bunker (heavy fuel) oil. It is not aimed at specialty chemicals and other potentially hazardous materials, although some aspects of the training program would apply to those substances. 1.3 A number of topics are not specifically addressed in this guide because they are covered by other standards or guidelines. Examples are hot work practices, maintenance and repair of equipment, fire fighting, electrical hazards, emergency medical care, disposal of wastes, and so forth. The user is expected to become familiar with standards for these areas as required. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. ====== Significance And Use ====== This guide summarizes required course components to be included in training programs for oil spill response personnel. Its purpose is to assist trainers in developing curricula that address the health and safety risks specific to oil spill response. This guide may be tailored by the trainer to fit unique circumstances that are present if training is conducted during an actual spill emergency and is not intended to preclude consideration of regulatory requirements.