最近的一项试点研究在2007年分两个阶段进行，使用陶瓷微滤 膜该研究的目标是将浊度持续处理至低于0.05 NTU的水平 DOC浓度低于4 mg/L。这项研究是在不同的水源上进行的 最终将为预计于2010年完工的全尺寸水库做出贡献。陶瓷 本研究中使用的膜系统由一个269毫米的单片元件组成 膜表面积平方英尺。试验装置包括一个快速混合罐和一个20 直接注入陶瓷膜的分钟保留时间。还进行了其他测试 在线凝固，保留时间为30秒。在整个研究过程中 没有使用任何形式的固体沉降。第一阶段运行的通量率反映了90 gfd 过滤周期为一（1）小时。在第二阶段，通量率降低到75 gfd，增加30% 分钟的过滤循环，以解决粉末活性炭（PAC）泥浆带来的更高固体含量。这个 研究期间测试的进水包括地表水源、二级出水 水库和两个水源的组合。该区域的浊度在2至300 NTU之间 地表水和二级污水源中小于15 NTU。有机物浓度 （TOC）在7至14 mg/L之间，以溶解有机碳的形式平均大于93% （博士）。研究期间进行了特定紫外线吸收（SUVA）测量 并且反映值始终小于2 L/mg-m。第一阶段试验包括增强 pH值小于6的凝固，以及各种形式的铝盐和铁盐。最佳 测定混凝剂为氯化铁，剂量范围为60至100 mg/L。 这种组合实现了浊度目标，并提供了52.6%的最大DOC去除率 百分比此外，将高达80 mg/L的PAC剂量直接添加到膜中 提供了额外的14.2%的去除率。第二阶段采用增强扫描 混凝，并将浓度为4000 mg/L的PAC浆液注入膜中。这个 与此设置相关的结果提供了91.8%的最大文档删除率 最终滤液的DOC水平低于1 mg/L。膜在以下条件下达到设定目标: 在不同的测试条件下，能够恢复相当于 无论测试参数如何，每次就地清洗（CIP）后都要更换新膜。这个 陶瓷微滤系统证明，它可以提供一个单一的步骤解决方案，无需预处理 解决TOC去除困难的水域。 这一级别的治疗可能是有效的 以多种形式实现，包括强化混凝、PAC添加、PAC浆液、直接 注射，或测试技术的各种组合。包括2个参考文献、表格和图表。

A recent pilot study was conducted in two phases in 2007 using a ceramic microfiltration membrane. The goals of the study were to consistently treat turbidity to levels below 0.05 NTU and DOC to levels less than 4 mg/L. The study was performed on various water sources that will ultimately contribute to the full scale reservoir estimated for completion in 2010. The ceramic membrane system used during this study consisted of a single monolithic element with 269 square feet of membrane surface area. The pilot setup included a rapid mix tank with a 20 minute retention time that was directly fed to the ceramic membrane. Additional tests were performed with in-line coagulation with a retention time of 30 seconds. During the entire study no form of solids settling was utilized. The flux rates operated during Phase I reflected 90 gfd with one (1) hour filtration cycles. In Phase II the flux rates were lowered to 75 gfd with 30 minute filtration cycles to address the higher solids loading contributed by the powdered activated carbon (PAC) slurry. The influent water tested during the study included a surface water source, a secondary effluent reservoir and a combination of the two sources. Turbidity ranged between 2 to 300 NTU in the surface water and less than 15 NTU in the secondary effluent source. Organic concentrations (TOC) ranged between 7 and 14 mg/L which averaged greater than 93 percent in the form of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Specific ultraviolet absorption (SUVA) measurements were performed during the study and reflected values consistently less than 2 L/mg-m. Phase I test consisted of enhanced coagulation with a pH less than 6 and various forms of aluminum and iron salts. The optimum coagulant was determined to be ferric chloride with a dose range between 60 and 100 mg/L. This combination achieved the turbidity goals and provided a maximum DOC removal of 52.6 percent. In addition, PAC doses up to 80 mg/L were added directly to the membrane which provided an additional 14.2 percent removal. The second phase was performed with enhanced coagulation and a PAC slurry concentration of 4,000 mg/L that was fed to the membrane. The results associated with this setup provided a maximum DOC removal of 91.8 percent producing a final filtrate with DOC levels less than 1 mg/L. The membrane achieved the set goals under various testing conditions and was able to recover transmembrane pressures equivalent to a new membrane after every clean in place (CIP) regardless of the testing parameters. The ceramic microfiltration system proved it could provide a single step solution without pretreatment in addressing waters with difficult TOC removal demands. This level of treatment could be realized in various forms including enhanced coagulation, PAC addition, PAC slurry, direct injection, or various combinations of the techniques tested. Includes 2 references, tables, figures.