根据之前的污染事件，民用和军用供水人员 改善了他们的饮用水监控措施。然而，最大的挑战之一是 单个设备可以检测配电系统中的所有化学、生物和放射性污染物。 由于缺乏通用探测器，自来水公司的管理人员不得不提高他们的意识和效率 依靠常规和非常规系统指标。尤其是，管理者依赖于监控 物理化学参数（例如，氯、pH、电导率和浊度）、不同温度下的压力读数 配电系统中的点，以及水系统资产的视觉监控。而这些监控 实践是有用的，许多水务公司没有资金在现场安装实时监测设备 在他们的系统中，每一点，甚至是几点。 本文提供:深入了解消费者投诉的原因；化学和化学物质清单 生物污染物及其物理化学和美学水质影响； 举例说明如何 消费者投诉被用来识别有意和无意污染的水； 调查投诉的结构化方法；以及利用消费者反馈的指导 更好地测量水质和分配系统中的潜在污染。包括26个参考文献、表格和图表。

Based on previous contamination incidents, civilian and military water supply personnel have improved their drinking water surveillance practices. One of the biggest challenges though is that no single device can detect all chemical, biological, and radiological contaminants in the distribution system. The absence of a universal detector has forced water utility managers to increase their awareness and rely on conventional and unconventional system indicators. In particular, managers rely upon monitoring physiochemical parameters (e.g., chlorine, pH, conductivity, and turbidity), pressure readings at various points in the distribution system, and visual surveillance of water system assets. While these monitoring practices are useful, many water utilities do not have the funds to install real-time monitoring devices at every point or even a few points throughout their system. This paper provides: insight into why consumers report complaints; a list of chemical and biological contaminants and their physiochemical and aesthetic water quality effects; examples of how consumer complaints have been used to identify intentionally and unintentionally contaminated water; a structured approach for investigating complaints; and, guidance on harnessing consumer feedback to better gauge water quality and potential for contaminations in the distribution system. Includes 26 references, tables, figures.