This article discusses research conducted to determine the influences of select process variables on the treatment efficiency of slow sand filtration. A pilot plant consisting of six slow sand filter columns was used. The study indicated that biological activity within the sand bed is an important factor in parameter removal efficiency. The influences of temperature, sand bed depth, and sand size on filtration efficiencies for total coliform bacteria were delineated. Percent removals of turbidity, Giardia cysts, and standard plate count bacteria were used to gain additional information on the effects of different test conditions. Includes 11 references, tables, figures.