1.1 本指南涵盖了一些公认的实验室方法，这些方法用于在定义明确的流动条件下评估油田和炼油厂应用的缓蚀剂。 1.2 本指南不包括详细的计算和方法，而是涵盖了在缓蚀剂评估中应用的一系列方法。 1.3 本指南仅考虑在抑制剂评估中得到广泛接受的方法。 1.4 本指南旨在帮助选择可用于评估缓蚀剂的方法。 1.5 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准值。本标准不包括其他计量单位。 1.6 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管要求的适用性。 1.7 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 缓蚀剂在控制与油气生产和运输相关的内部腐蚀方面继续发挥着关键作用。这主要是由于工业上广泛使用碳钢和低合金钢，在许多应用中，碳钢和低合金钢是经济的建筑材料，通常耐腐蚀性较差。因此，在实现成本效益高的腐蚀控制方面，尤其是在处理长输管线和主要出口管线方面，严重依赖缓蚀剂的部署 ( 1. ) . 5. 5.2 对于多相流，水溶液- 油气相间可以有无限多种可能的形式。这些形式被描述为某些类型的界面分布，称为流型。流态取决于管道的倾角（即垂直或水平）、流速（基于生产率）和流向（即向上或向下）。垂直向上流、垂直向下流和水平流中的常见流态如所示 无花果。1- 3. 分别地 ( 2. , 3. ) . 5.14 为了制定抑制剂选择策略，除了抑制剂效率外，还需要评估其他几个关键性能因素:( 1. )水/油分配( 2. )溶解度( 3. )乳化倾向( 4. )起泡倾向( 5. )热稳定性( 6. )毒性，以及( 7. )与其他添加剂/材料的兼容性。

1.1 This guide covers some generally accepted laboratory methodologies that are used for evaluating corrosion inhibitors for oilfield and refinery applications in well defined flow conditions. 1.2 This guide does not cover detailed calculations and methods, but rather covers a range of approaches which have found application in inhibitor evaluation. 1.3 Only those methodologies that have found wide acceptance in inhibitor evaluation are considered in this guide. 1.4 This guide is intended to assist in the selection of methodologies that can be used for evaluating corrosion inhibitors. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use. 1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Corrosion inhibitors continue to play a key role in controlling internal corrosion associated with oil and gas production and transportation. This results primarily from the industry’s extensive use of carbon and low alloy steels, which, for many applications, are economic materials of construction that generally exhibit poor corrosion resistance. As a consequence, there is a strong reliance on inhibitor deployment for achieving cost-effective corrosion control, especially for treating long flowlines and main export pipelines ( 1 ) . 5 5.2 For multiphase flow, the aqueous-oil-gas interphases can take any of an infinite number of possible forms. These forms are delineated into certain classes of interfacial distribution called flow regimes. The flow regimes depend on the inclination of the pipe (that is, vertical or horizontal), flow rate (based on production rate), and flow direction (that is, upward or downward). The common flow regimes in vertical upward flow, vertical downward flow, and horizontal flow are presented in Figs. 1- 3 respectively ( 2 , 3 ) . 5.14 To develop an inhibitor selection strategy, in addition to inhibitor efficiency, several other key performance factors need to be evaluated: ( 1 ) water/oil partitioning, ( 2 ) solubility, ( 3 ) emulsification tendency, ( 4 ) foaming tendency, ( 5 ) thermal stability, ( 6 ) toxicity, and ( 7 ) compatibility with other additives/materials.