进行了平行实验，以确定废水的有机/生物污染源 仅在中试规模条件下运行的反渗透（RO）膜。测试是 使用230升/分钟的常规过滤（快速混合/絮凝/沉淀）进行/ 过滤）包装厂（CPP）和一个2000毫升/天的全尺寸处理厂（FTP），如 分离反渗透膜试验装置的预处理。凝固包括10 mg/L明矾和 2.0 mg/L阳离子聚合物。将2.5至3.0 mg/L的游离余氯保持在最低浓度 过滤流出物，并通过添加硫酸铵（3:1氯）转化为氯胺 氨水比）。膜性能基于标准化通量和盐截留率 数据膜表面分析包括扫描电子显微镜、能量色散分析 光谱学和衰减全反射傅里叶变换- 变换红外光谱。 通过荧光染色进行微生物活性和群落分析 含4'，6'-二氨基-2-苯基吲哚；分离聚合酶链反应 细菌DNA；显微分类鉴定。结果表明，RO 由CPP提供的膜污染速度至少是由CPP提供的反渗透膜污染速度的三倍 FTP。两种工艺流之间的差异污垢被确定为缺乏 在CPP进水管道中进行维护，以建立生物系统 由藻类、微生物和潜在淡水蛤蜊组成的群落。这些 社区生产的天然聚合物含量较低，当呈现给聚酰胺RO时 膜表面迅速污染。包括21个参考文献、表格和图表。

Parallel experiments were conducted to determine the source of organic/biological fouling of reverse osmosis (RO) membranes when operated only under pilot-scale conditions. Testing was conducted using a 230 L/min conventional filtration (rapid mix/flocculation/sedimentation/ filtration) package plant (CPP) and a 2,000 ML/day full-scale treatment plant (FTP) as pretreatment to separate RO membrane test units. Coagulation consisted of 10 mg/L of alum and 2.0 mg/L of cationic polymer. A 2.5 to 3.0 mg/L free chlorine residual was maintained at the filter effluent and converted to chloramines through ammonium sulfate addition (3:1 chlorine to ammonia w/w ratio). Membrane performance was based on normalized flux and salt rejection data. Membrane surface analyses included scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Microbial activity and community analyses were conducted through: fluorescence staining with 4',6'-diamidino-2-phenylindole; polymerase-chain reaction amplification of isolated bacterial DNA; and, microscopic taxonomic identification. Results indicated that the RO membrane fed by the CPP fouled at least three times faster than the RO membrane fed by the FTP. The differential fouling between the two process streams was determined to be from lack of maintenance in the CPP influent piping that lead to the establishment of biological communities consisting of algae, microbes, and potentially fresh water clams. These communities produced low levels of natural polymers that when presented to the polyamide RO membrane surface resulted in rapid fouling. Includes 21 references, tables, figures.