1.1 本指南旨在根据美国运输部第49篇《联邦法规》（49 CFR）和《联合国关于危险货物（联合国）。 1.2 本指南分别按照49 CFR§178.603（c）（1）、§178.810（b）（4）和§178.965（c）的要求，为适用于液体危险品（危险品）的塑料非散装包装、中型散装容器（IBC）和大型包装设计的跌落测试提供了样品调节指南。本指南还提供了在进行特殊准备条件处理时应记录的最低信息。 1.3 本指南的用户应根据49 CFR§172.700和其他适用的危险品法规接受培训，包括:国际民用航空组织（ICAO）《危险品航空安全运输技术说明》、《国际海运危险品规则》，以及国际航空运输协会（IATA）《危险货物条例》等承运人规则。 1.4 单位-- 以国际单位制表示的数值被视为标准。本标准中不包括其他计量单位。 1.5 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.6 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ===意义和用途====== 4.1 本指南旨在为进行联合国（UN）跌落试验所规定的塑料包装特殊准备工作时的统一处理方法提供指导。本指南为液体危险品（危险品）塑料包装的调节提供了统一的方法。 4.2 危险材料（危险品）法规认证过程要求塑料包装在进行联合国跌落试验之前进行特殊准备。 条例没有包括进行特殊准备的统一程序。非统一程序允许测试设施之间的方法差异，这可能导致不同的测试结果。 4.3 49 CFR 178.603（c）规定，所有塑料桶、塑料罐、塑料盒（不包括发泡聚苯乙烯盒）、复合包装（塑料材料）和带塑料内包装的组合包装（不包括用于盛装固体或物品的塑料袋）都需要对跌落试验进行特殊处理。它进一步规定，当试样（包装和内含物）的温度降至-18时，应进行跌落试验 °C或更低。如有必要，应通过添加防冻剂使试验液体保持液态。最小比重为0.95的水/防冻液，用于在–18下进行测试 °C或更低被认为是可接受的测试液体。 这些条件要求也适用于中型散货箱和大型包装。分别参见49 CFR§178.810（b）（4）和§178.965（c）。 4.4 24小时调节期 可能不会 有足够的时间使包装和内容物达到所需的温度。 4.5 本指南提供了法规中没有的其他信息，这些信息将有助于测试设施之间一致的测试样本调节。此处提供的信息和指导旨在满足或超过法规的最低要求。 4.6 有关联合国认证测试的更多信息，请参阅指南 D4919 .有关确定用于制备联合国认证测试样品的适当填充材料的指南，请参阅指南 D7887 液体和指南 D8135 用于固体材料。

1.1 This guide is intended to provide a standardized method and a set of basic instructions for special preparation conditioning of drop test samples being subjected to United Nations (UN) performance-oriented packaging certification as required by United States Department of Transportation Title 49 Code of Federal Regulations (49 CFR) and the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods (UN). 1.2 This guide provides guidance on conditioning test samples for drop testing plastic Non-Bulk Packaging, Intermediate Bulk Container (IBC), and Large Packaging designs intended for liquid hazardous materials (dangerous goods) as required by 49 CFR §178.603(c)(1), §178.810(b)(4), and §178.965(c), respectively. This guide also provides the minimum information that should be documented when conducting special preparation conditioning. 1.3 The user of this guide shall be trained in accordance with 49 CFR §172.700 and other applicable hazardous materials regulations including: the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air, the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG Code), and carrier rules such as the International Air Transport Association (IATA) Dangerous Goods Regulations. 1.4 Units— The values stated in SI units are regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 The purpose of this guide is to provide direction for uniform conditioning methodology when conducting special preparations of plastic packagings as prescribed for conducting United Nations (UN) drop test. This guide provides a uniform approach for conditioning of plastic packaging intended for liquid hazardous materials (dangerous goods). 4.2 The hazardous materials (dangerous goods) regulations certification process requires that plastic packagings undergo special preparations before performing the UN drop test. The regulations do not include uniform procedures for conducting special preparations. Non-uniform procedures allow for differences in methods between test facilities which may result in different test results. 4.3 49 CFR 178.603(c) state that special conditioning for drop testing is required for all plastic drums, plastic jerricans, plastic boxes (other than expanded polystyrene boxes), composite packagings (plastic material), and combination packagings with plastic inner packagings (other than plastic bags intended to contain solids or articles). It further states that drop testing shall be conducted when the temperature of the test sample (packagings and contents) has been reduced to –18 °C or lower. Test liquids shall be kept in the liquid state, if necessary, by the addition of antifreeze. Water/antifreeze solutions with a minimum 0.95 specific gravity for testing at –18 °C or lower are considered acceptable test liquids. These conditioning requirements also apply to IBCs and Large Packagings. Refer to 49 CFR §178.810(b)(4) and §178.965(c), respectively. 4.4 A 24-hour conditioning period may not be sufficient time for the packaging and contents to reach the required temperature. 4.5 This guide provides additional information not in the regulations that will facilitate consistent test sample conditioning among test facilities. The information and guidance provided here are intended to meet or exceed the minimum requirements of the regulations. 4.6 For more information on the UN certification tests, refer to Guide D4919 . For guidance on determining the appropriate fill materials for preparing samples for UN certification testing, refer to Guide D7887 for liquids and Guide D8135 for solids materials.