1.1 本规程为在操作过程中连续监测工业系统中金属压力边界的声发射提供了指南。例如，用于容纳系统压力的压力容器、管道和其他系统部件。除金属外的其他压力边界，如复合材料，不在本文件的范围内。 1.2 声发射监测的功能是检测、定位和表征声发射源，以提供数据来评估其相对于压力边界完整性的重要性。这些信号源是在系统运行期间激活的信号源，也就是说，没有应用任何特殊刺激来产生AE。当可以接近压力边界时，可以使用其他无损检测方法来进一步评估或证实检测到的声发射源的重要性。 1.3 单位- 以国际单位制或英寸-磅单位表示的数值应视为标准值。每个系统中规定的值可能不是精确的等效值；因此，每个系统应相互独立使用。将两个系统的值合并可能会导致不符合标准。 1.4 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全和健康实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 有关具体的预防说明，请参阅第节 6. . 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 结构的声发射检查需要应用机械或热刺激。在这种情况下，系统运行条件提供了刺激。在加压系统的操作过程中，使用安装在结构上的传感器，仪表系统可以检测到来自活动不连续性（如裂纹）或其他声源（如高压高温流体泄漏）的AE。传感器通过耦合剂材料或传感装置和结构之间界面上的压力与结构表面进行声学耦合。这有助于将声能传输到传感器。当传感器受到声发射能量的激励时，它们将机械激励转换为电信号。 对检测到的声发射源的信号进行电子调节和处理，以产生与声发射源位置相关的信息以及声发射源表征和评估所需的其他参数。 5.2 连续声发射监测是目前对结构进行连续监测以评估其持续完整性的可用方法。在这种情况下使用声发射监测是为了确定声发射源的存在和位置。此外，提供的信息有助于估计检测到的声发射源相对于持续压力系统运行的重要性。 5.3 震源定位精度受影响弹性波传播的因素、传感器耦合和信号处理器设置的影响。 5.4 由于与方法、材料或结构特征相关的因素，可以测量AE并识别其他无损检测方法无法检测到的显示的AE源位置。 5.5 除了立即评估声发射源外，收集的总数据的永久记录（声发射加上测量的压力系统参数）提供了一个可以重新评估的档案记录。

1.1 This practice provides guidelines for continuous monitoring of acoustic emission (AE) from metal pressure boundaries in industrial systems during operation. Examples are pressure vessels, piping, and other system components which serve to contain system pressure. Pressure boundaries other than metal, such as composites, are specifically not covered by this document. 1.2 The functions of AE monitoring are to detect, locate, and characterize AE sources to provide data to evaluate their significance relative to pressure boundary integrity. These sources are those activated during system operation, that is, no special stimulus is applied to produce AE. Other methods of nondestructive testing (NDT) may be used, when the pressure boundary is accessible, to further evaluate or substantiate the significance of detected AE sources. 1.3 Units— The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standards. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see Section 6 . 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 Acoustic emission examination of a structure requires application of a mechanical or thermal stimulus. In this case, the system operating conditions provide the stimulation. During operation of the pressurized system, AE from active discontinuities such as cracks or from other acoustic sources such as leakage of high-pressure, high-temperature fluids can be detected by an instrumentation system using sensors mounted on the structure. The sensors are acoustically coupled to the surface of the structure by means of a couplant material or pressure on the interface between the sensing device and the structure. This facilitates the transmission of acoustic energy to the sensor. When the sensors are excited by acoustic emission energy, they transform the mechanical excitations into electrical signals. The signals from a detected AE source are electronically conditioned and processed to produce information relative to source location and other parameters needed for AE source characterization and evaluation. 5.2 AE monitoring on a continuous basis is a currently available method for continuous surveillance of a structure to assess its continued integrity. The use of AE monitoring in this context is to identify the existence and location of AE sources. Also, information is provided to facilitate estimating the significance of the detected AE source relative to continued pressure system operation. 5.3 Source location accuracy is influenced by factors that affect elastic wave propagation, by sensor coupling, and by signal processor settings. 5.4 It is possible to measure AE and identify AE source locations of indications that cannot be detected by other NDT methods, due to factors related to methodological, material, or structural characteristics. 5.5 In addition to immediate evaluation of the AE sources, a permanent record of the total data collected (AE plus pressure system parameters measured) provides an archival record which can be re-evaluated.