作为能源密集型设施，美国的数据中心消耗了全国约2%的电力，其能源消耗的增长速度超过了其他建筑部门。由于IT设备（ITE）负载比办公楼等典型商业设施中的负载要小，数据中心为实现暖通空调系统的节能提供了独特的机会。然而，数据中心没有原型能源模型来提供技术分析，以支持技术评估、规范和标准制定（例如ASHRAE 90.4和TC 9.9）。本文介绍了数据中心原型模型的开发及其在OpenStudio和EnergyPlus中的实现，这是对现有DOE商业原型构建模型集的补充。创建了两种类型的数据中心模型:（1）小型——物理上位于建筑物内的计算机室，由CRAC提供服务；（2）大型- 规模——一个独立的数据中心，由CRAHs提供服务，并配有冷却装置。对于每种数据中心类型，考虑两个级别的ITE负载密度，以覆盖数据中心的各种功率密度:对于计算机室，40和100 W/ft2；对于独立数据中心，100和500 W/ft2。所有其他基本假设，如建筑围护结构、内部荷载、HVAC效率和时间表，均基于ASHRAE标准90.1。在EnergyPlus中，有一个现有的ITE对象来模拟能源密集型设施。然而，目前的算法不能完全代表数据中心内气流管理配置的不同场景。因此，我们开发了一种方法和相关指标，以模拟考虑不同气流控制配置的数据中心空侧。该方法已在EnergyPlus中实施，并于2018年发布供公众使用。 新的ITE对象也已在OpenStudio中实现，并将很快发布。本文对模型记分卡、数据来源、主要建模假设以及面临的挑战进行了描述和讨论。引用:2019年年度会议，密苏里州堪萨斯城，会议论文

As energy intensive facilities, data centers in the United States consume about 2% of the nation’s electricity power, and their energy use is growing faster than the other building sectors. Because the IT equipment (ITE) loads dwarf the loads found in typical commercial facilities such as office buildings, data centers offer unique opportunities for achieving energy savings in the HVAC systems. However, there is no prototype energy model for data centers to provide technical analyses supporting technology assessment and codes and standards development (e.g., ASHRAE 90.4 and TC 9.9). This paper presented the development of data center prototype models and their implementation in OpenStudio and EnergyPlus, which is an addition to the existing DOE Commercial Prototype Building Model sets. Two types of data center models were created: (1) small-size - a computer room physically located in a building, served by CRACs, and (2) large-size - a data center that is standalone, served by CRAHs with a chiller plant. For each data center type, two levels of ITE load density are considered to cover the wide range of power density of data centers: For the computer room, 40 and 100 W/ft2; for the standalone data center, 100 and 500 W/ft2. All other basic assumptions such as building envelope, internal loads, HVAC efficiencies and schedules are based on ASHRAE standard 90.1. In EnergyPlus, there is an existing ITE object to simulate energy intensive facilities. However, the current algorithm can’t fully represent different scenarios of airflow management configuration within data centers. Therefore, we developed an approach and related metrics to simulate the airside of data centers considering different airflow containment configurations. The approach has been implemented in EnergyPlus and released for public use in 2018. The new ITE object has also been implemented in OpenStudio and will be released soon. The model scorecard, data sources, main modeling assumptions, as well as challenges are described and discussed in the paper.