1.1 本标准实施规程涵盖了当与两个基本套装中的一个一起穿着时，寒冷天气防护服或服装系统的温度等级的测定。它包括根据测试方法，用加热的人体模型测量服装套装（基本套装加上正在评估的服装或服装系统）的热阻（绝缘）值 F1291美元 在热损失模型中使用该结果来预测舒适性的最低环境温度。 1.2 本标准中使用的预测模型估计了穿着寒冷天气服装的人的蒸发热损失，而不是测量出汗人体模型的蒸发阻力。如果一个人在寒冷的环境中活跃并过热，他/她通常能够调整衣服以散发多余的热量。 1.3 本标准实施规程估计的温度额定值是根据全身热损失模型确定的热舒适性指南（参见 附件A1 )。因此，在极低的温度下，局部冷却、不适甚至冻伤仍然可能发生，因为衣服的隔热材料没有均匀分布在体表。此外，一些身体部位（例如耳朵、手指、脚趾）相对于其质量具有较高的表面积，因此以比身体其他部位更快的速度散热。 1.4 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的使用者有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.5 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认的标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 4.1 本规程用于测量寒冷天气服装或使用加热人体模型的服装系统提供的隔热效果（见试验方法 F1291美元 )以及使用全身热损失模型来预测两个活动水平下的舒适度的温度等级。 4.1.1 温度等级适用于整体服装，而不是单个服装。然而，制造商希望在寒冷天气的服装或服装系统上贴上温度等级，以帮助消费者选择最能满足他们需求的产品。 因此，服装或服装系统的绝缘性是用标准的基本套装来测量的。此外，该标准仅限于覆盖大量体表面积的服装，如夹克、外套、隔热裤、工作服或雪地服。这种做法无法确定头戴、鞋和手的温度等级。 4.1.2 此标准做法确定的温度预测仅适用于成年人。儿童的生理机能与成年人有显著差异，因此需要使用一个修正的热损失模型来预测儿童穿着户外服装的舒适度。 5. 4.1.3 由本标准惯例确定并列在服装标签上的温度等级仅为舒适性指南，将受到消费者随身穿着的服装、穿着期间的活动水平以及人们生理特征（例如，性别、年龄、体重等）的个体差异的影响。 ).

1.1 This standard practice covers the determination of the temperature rating of a cold weather protective clothing garment or system of garments when worn with one of two base ensembles. It involves measuring the thermal resistance (insulation) value of a clothing ensemble (base ensemble plus the garment or garment system being evaluated) with a heated manikin in accordance with Test Method F1291 . The result is used in a heat loss model to predict the lowest environmental temperature for comfort. 1.2 The predictive model used in this standard estimates the evaporative heat loss from a person wearing cold weather clothing as opposed to measuring the evaporative resistance on a sweating manikin. If a person is active and gets overheated in a cold environment, he/she is usually able to adjust the garments to dissipate excess heat. 1.3 The temperature ratings estimated by this standard practice are guidelines for thermal comfort, determined from a whole-body heat loss model (see Annex A1 ). Therefore, localized cooling, discomfort, and even frostbite could still occur at extremely low temperatures because clothing insulation is not evenly distributed over the body surface. In addition, some body parts (for example, ears, fingers, toes) have a high surface area relative to their mass, and consequently lose heat at a faster rate than other parts of the body. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 4.1 This practice is used to measure the insulation provided by a cold weather clothing garment or garment system using a heated manikin (see Test Method F1291 ) and to predict the temperature rating for comfort at two activity levels using whole-body heat loss models. 4.1.1 The temperature rating is for an ensemble—not an individual garment. However, manufacturers want to label cold weather garments or garment systems with a temperature rating to help consumers select the product that will best meet their needs. Therefore, the insulation of a garment or garment system is measured with a standard base ensemble. Furthermore, the standard is limited to garments that cover a substantial amount of body surface area such as jackets, coats, insulated pants, coveralls, or snow suits. The temperature ratings of headwear, footwear, and handwear cannot be determined with this practice. 4.1.2 The temperature predictions determined by this standard practice are for adults only. The physiology of children is significantly different from that of adults, so a modified heat loss model needs to be used to predict the comfort of children wearing outdoor clothing. 5 4.1.3 The temperature ratings determined by this standard practice and listed on garment labels are only guidelines for comfort and will be affected by the garments consumers wear with them, their activity level during wear, and individual differences in the physiological characteristics of people (for example, gender, age, body mass, etc.).